Malus domestica · Tree
Apple scab: Collect fallen leaves in autumn to reduce overwintering spores and apply approved fungicides during wet springs.
Powdery mildew: Prune to improve air circulation and apply sulphur-based treatments or resistant cultivars where possible.
Woolly aphid: Scrape off infested areas in winter or use systemic insecticides; encourage natural predators like ladybirds.
Codling moth: Use pheromone traps to monitor adults and apply targeted sprays or use trunk bands to catch crawling larvae.
Apple canker: Prune out infected wood well below the lesion during dry weather and disinfect tools between cuts.