Lupinus · Perennial
Anthracnose: Remove affected plants immediately, avoid overhead watering, ensure good air circulation, and do not save seed from infected specimens.
Lupin aphid: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds; tolerate minor infestations on established plants but remove heavily affected growth if necessary.
Slugs and snails: Use physical barriers such as copper tape or crushed eggshells around young plants, and hand-pick pests at night.
Powdery mildew: Improve air circulation by spacing plants adequately and water at the base to keep foliage dry.
Root rot: Ensure planting in well-drained soil and avoid waterlogging, especially during winter months.