Rosa · Shrub
Black spot: Improve air circulation, remove fallen leaves in autumn, and select resistant cultivars to reduce infection pressure.
Powdery mildew: Plant in sunny, well-ventilated positions and prune out affected growth as soon as it is detected.
Replant disease: Avoid planting roses in soil previously occupied by roses; swap with fresh soil or move the plant to a new site.
Rose rust: Prune out spring infections immediately and collect fallen leaves in autumn to destroy overwintering spores.
Shoot dieback: Prune affected wood back to healthy tissue during dry weather and disinfect tools between cuts.
Slugs and snails: Use physical barriers like copper tape or crushed eggshells, and hand-pick pests at night.