Urtica dioica · Perennial
Slugs and snails: Use beer traps, copper tape barriers, or hand-pick at night to protect tender new growth.
Aphids: Spray with a strong jet of water or apply insecticidal soap; encourage natural predators like ladybirds.
Powdery mildew: Improve air circulation and avoid overhead watering; remove severely affected foliage.
Root rot: Ensure well-drained soil conditions and avoid overwatering to prevent fungal attack on roots.
Nutrient deficiency: Apply a balanced organic fertilizer or compost to improve soil fertility and plant health.