Plant Problem Solver

Affects Acanthus mollis

Look for: A white, dusty fungal growth appears on the leaves and stems.

What to do: Improve air circulation around plants and apply a suitable fungicide if severe.

Affects Acanthus mollis

Look for: The plant wilts and collapses despite moist soil due to waterlogged conditions.

What to do: Ensure the soil is well-drained and avoid planting in heavy, water-retentive clay.

Affects Acanthus mollis

Look for: Irregular holes are eaten in the young foliage, often accompanied by slime trails.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or apply slug pellets around the base of the plant.

Affects Acanthus mollis

Look for: Notches appear on leaf margins while larvae damage roots underground.

What to do: Apply a systemic insecticide to the soil or use nematodes to control larvae.

Affects Alder Buckthorn

Look for: Clusters of small soft-bodied insects on new growth, causing sticky honeydew residue.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds or spray with a strong jet of water.

Affects Alder Buckthorn

Look for: Small, dark or brown spots appearing on foliage, sometimes leading to premature leaf drop.

What to do: Remove affected leaves and avoid overhead watering to keep foliage dry.

Affects Alder Buckthorn

Look for: White, dusty fungal growth on leaves and stems, potentially causing distortion.

What to do: Improve air circulation and water at the base; apply a sulphur-based fungicide if severe.

Affects Alder Buckthorn

Look for: Wilting and yellowing leaves despite moist soil, indicating poor drainage issues.

What to do: Ensure well-drained soil conditions and avoid overwatering during wet periods.

Affects Alder Buckthorn

Look for: Irregular holes chewed in young leaves and seedlings, often accompanied by slimy trails.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or crushed eggshells, and hand-pick at night.

Affects Apple · Spring

Look for: Sunken, discoloured lesions on branches or trunk that may ooze sap and cause dieback of shoots.

What to do: Prune out infected wood well below the lesion during dry weather and disinfect tools between cuts.

Affects Apple · Spring, Autumn, Winter

Look for: Leaves develop greenish-black spots and blotches, often falling early, while fruit may also show dark lesions.

What to do: Collect fallen leaves in autumn to reduce overwintering spores and apply approved fungicides during wet springs.

Affects Apple

Look for: Caterpillars bore into developing fruit, causing premature drop and leaving frass around the entry hole.

What to do: Use pheromone traps to monitor adults and apply targeted sprays or use trunk bands to catch crawling larvae.

Affects Apple

Look for: Shoots and blossoms wilt suddenly, turning black and curling into a characteristic 'shepherd's crook' shape.

What to do: Prune out infected branches well below symptoms during dry weather and avoid excessive nitrogen fertiliser.

Affects Apple

Look for: A white powdery growth appears on young leaves, shoots, and sometimes fruit, potentially reducing tree vigour.

What to do: Prune to improve air circulation and apply sulphur-based treatments or resistant cultivars where possible.

Affects Apple · Winter

Look for: Lumpy outgrowths on bark covered with a white, fluffy waxy substance secreted by the insects.

What to do: Scrape off infested areas in winter or use systemic insecticides; encourage natural predators like ladybirds.

Affects Autumn Crocus

Look for: lethal to felines

Affects Avens · Spring

Look for: Larvae shred foliage, causing extensive damage that can be hard for the plant to recover from.

What to do: Monitor from spring onwards and remove any larvae by hand, then destroy them.

Affects Avens · Summer

Look for: Leaves develop brown, crispy edges due to exposure to intense direct sunlight.

What to do: Plant in partial shade or position behind other low-growing plants to soften summer sun.

Affects Avens

Look for: A white, dusty fungal coating appears on leaves and stems, particularly in humid conditions.

What to do: Improve air circulation by thinning crowded plants and water at the base to keep foliage dry.

Affects Avens

Look for: Foliage turns yellow and wilts despite moist soil, indicating poor drainage or waterlogging.

What to do: Ensure soil is well-drained and avoid overwatering, especially for alpine species like G. montanum.

Affects Avens

Look for: Irregular holes in leaves and flower buds, often accompanied by silvery slime trails.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or organic slug pellets to protect young growth.

Affects Basil

Look for: seen on basil foliage

Affects Basil

Look for: significant disease

Affects Basil

Look for: soil-borne fungal disease that will quickly kill younger basil plants

Affects Basil

Look for: common foliar disease of basil

Affects Basil · Spring

Look for: seedlings may be killed by Pythium damping off

Affects Bay

Look for: curling and thickening of the edge of the leaves for the development of the insect's nymphs, eventually creating a necrosed gall

Affects Bay

Affects Bearberry

Look for: Small, dark or brown spots appear on the evergreen leaves, potentially causing them to yellow or drop.

What to do: Improve air circulation and remove affected foliage; avoid wetting leaves when watering.

Affects Bearberry

Look for: Yellowing of leaf tissue between green veins due to iron deficiency in alkaline soils.

What to do: Plant only in acid to neutral soil and avoid using lime or hard water for irrigation.

Affects Bearberry · Spring

Look for: Plant wilts despite moist soil, leaves turn yellow or brown, and stems may become soft.

What to do: Ensure well-drained, lime-free soil and avoid overwatering to prevent waterlogging.

Affects Bearberry

Look for: Irregular holes chewed in leaves and silvery slime trails on foliage and surrounding soil.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape, hand-pick at night, or apply iron phosphate pellets.

Affects Bearberry

Look for: Notched edges on leaves above ground and root damage below, leading to wilting or plant collapse.

What to do: Check pots for grubs before planting and apply biological nematodes or systemic insecticides if infested.

Affects Bearded Iris

Look for: Small green or black insects cluster on new growth and flower buds, secreting sticky honeydew.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds and lacewings, or blast off infestations with a strong jet of water.

Affects Bearded Iris · Spring

Look for: The base of the plant and rhizome become soft, mushy, and may collapse with a foul smell.

What to do: Ensure well-drained soil and partially exposed rhizomes; cut away affected tissue with a disinfected knife and allow to dry before replanting.

Affects Bearded Iris

Look for: Small purple or brown spots appear on the leaves, often causing them to yellow and die back from the tips.

What to do: Remove and dispose of all leaf debris at the end of the year and pick off lightly infected leaves during the season.

Affects Bearded Iris

Look for: Orange or yellow pustules form on the leaves, leading to yellowing and premature leaf death.

What to do: Improve air circulation around plants and remove infected foliage to slow the spread of spores.

Affects Bearded Iris

Look for: Irregular holes are eaten in the leaves and flower buds, often accompanied by slimy trails.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or eggshells, and hand-pick pests at night; avoid chemical slug pellets where possible.

Affects Beetroot

Look for: meristem and the shoot to languish, eventually leading to heart rot

Affects Betula pendula

Look for: Clusters of small soft-bodied insects on new growth, causing sticky honeydew and leaf curling.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds or use a strong jet of water to dislodge them.

Affects Betula pendula

Look for: Exit holes in the bark and sawdust-like frass, often on stressed or older trees.

What to do: Maintain tree health through proper watering and mulching; no direct treatment for adults.

Affects Betula pendula

Look for: Leaves develop brown blotches or tunnels as larvae feed inside the tissue.

What to do: Usually cosmetic; remove heavily infested leaves if necessary but often best ignored.

Affects Betula pendula

Look for: Dark, fan-shaped brackets appear at the base of the trunk and the tree shows general decline.

What to do: Improve drainage and avoid planting in infected soil; no effective chemical cure exists.

Affects Betula pendula

Look for: Rapid wilting and yellowing of foliage, often following periods of waterlogged soil.

What to do: Plant in well-drained soil and avoid waterlogging; remove infected roots if detected early.

Affects Betula pendula · Winter

Look for: A white, dusty fungal growth covers the leaves, causing them to curl or distort.

What to do: Ensure good air circulation and prune out affected shoots in winter.

Affects Betula pubescens

Look for: Clusters of small soft-bodied insects on new growth, often accompanied by sticky honeydew.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds or spray with insecticidal soap for heavy infestations.

Affects Betula pubescens

Look for: Small holes in the bark with sawdust-like frass, leading to branch dieback.

What to do: Maintain tree health through proper watering and mulching; prune out infested branches promptly.

Affects Betula pubescens · Spring, Autumn, Winter

Look for: Leaves develop brown blotches as larvae tunnel within them, causing premature yellowing and drop.

What to do: Rake up fallen leaves in autumn to reduce overwintering populations; severe cases may require systemic insecticide.

Affects Betula pubescens

Look for: Wilting foliage and cracked or bleeding bark at the base of the trunk.

What to do: Improve drainage and avoid planting susceptible species nearby; infected trees are difficult to cure.

Affects Betula pubescens

Look for: A white, dusty fungal growth appears on young shoots and leaves.

What to do: Ensure good air circulation and avoid overhead watering; treat with a suitable fungicide if severe.

Affects Blackberry

Look for: Fruits are pecked, damaged, or entirely stripped from the canes during ripening.

What to do: Cover the crop with bird netting or horticultural fleece once fruits begin to colour.

Affects Blackberry

Look for: Fruits and flowers become covered in a fuzzy grey spore mass and rot rapidly.

What to do: Improve air circulation by pruning and ensure good drainage to reduce humidity around the plants.

Affects Blackberry

Look for: A white, dusty fungal growth appears on young leaves, shoots, and developing fruit.

What to do: Prune for open habit and apply a suitable fungicide if infection is severe in hot weather.

Affects Blackberry

Look for: Orange or yellow pustules develop on the undersides of leaves, causing them to yellow and drop.

What to do: Remove and destroy infected leaves to reduce spore spread and improve air circulation.

Affects Blackberry

Look for: Irregular holes are eaten into young leaves and soft, ripening fruit.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or apply slug pellets around the base of plants.

Affects Bluebell

Look for: Bulbs become soft, mushy, and discoloured, often leading to plant failure or failure to emerge.

What to do: Ensure well-drained soil and avoid waterlogging; remove and discard infected bulbs immediately.

Affects Bluebell · Summer

Look for: Reduced flowering and smaller blooms due to dense competition for nutrients and space.

What to do: Dig up and divide congested clumps in summer after foliage has died down.

Affects Bluebell

Look for: A white, dusty fungal growth appears on leaves and flower stems in humid conditions.

What to do: Improve air circulation around clumps and apply a fungicide if infection is severe.

Affects Bluebell

Look for: Irregular holes chewed in emerging leaves or flowers, often accompanied by silvery slime trails.

What to do: Use beer traps, copper tape barriers, or iron phosphate-based pellets to protect young shoots.

Affects Bluebell · Autumn

Look for: Notched edges on foliage and wilting plants caused by larvae feeding on bulbs underground.

What to do: Apply nematodes (Steinernema carpocapsae) to moist soil in autumn or use systemic insecticides.

Affects Blueberry

Look for: Due to iron and manganese deficiency

Affects Blueberry

Affects Blueberry

Affects Blueberry

Affects Blueberry

Affects Blueberry 'Duke'

Look for: Missing or damaged fruit, buds, and leaves due to feeding.

What to do: Cover the bush with bird netting when fruit is ripening.

Affects Blueberry 'Duke'

Look for: Spotting on upper leaves with yellow-orange pustules underneath.

What to do: Remove affected leaves and avoid planting near hemlock trees.

Affects Blueberry 'Duke'

Look for: Yellowing of leaf blades with green veins due to nutrient deficiency.

What to do: Check soil pH and apply ericaceous fertiliser containing iron and manganese.

Affects Blueberry 'Duke'

Look for: White, dusty fungal growth on leaves and shoots.

What to do: Improve air circulation and spray with a suitable fungicide if severe.

Affects Blueberry 'Duke'

Look for: Notched leaf margins on young plants and root damage in containers.

What to do: Apply biological nematodes to the compost or use a systemic insecticide.

Affects Blueberry 'Spartan'

Look for: Spotting on upper leaf surfaces with corresponding yellow-orange pustules on the underside.

What to do: Remove affected leaves to reduce spore spread and ensure good air circulation around the plant.

Affects Blueberry 'Spartan'

Look for: Yellowing of leaves with green veins, indicating iron or manganese deficiency often linked to high pH.

What to do: Maintain soil pH between 4.5 and 5.5 using ericaceous feed and avoid alkaline water.

Affects Blueberry 'Spartan'

Look for: White, dusty fungal growth on leaves and shoots, potentially causing distortion and reduced vigor.

What to do: Improve air circulation, avoid overhead watering, and treat with a suitable fungicide if severe.

Affects Blueberry 'Spartan'

Look for: General decline, yellowing foliage, and stunted growth caused by waterlogged or poorly drained soil.

What to do: Ensure planting in well-drained, acidic soil or ericaceous compost to prevent waterlogging.

Affects Blueberry 'Spartan' · Spring, Autumn

Look for: Notches on leaf margins and wilting or death of container-grown plants due to root damage.

What to do: Apply biological nematodes to the compost in autumn and spring, or use a systemic insecticide.

Affects Boxwood

Look for: Leaves turn brown or black with white fungal spores, and stems develop dark lesions causing dieback.

What to do: Prune out affected growth in dry weather, improve air circulation, and isolate new plants for four weeks.

Affects Boxwood · Spring

Look for: Thickened, rusty blister-like pustules appear on both sides of the leaves, particularly in spring.

What to do: Clip off affected shoots during dry weather and dispose of them to reduce spore spread.

Affects Boxwood

Look for: Caterpillars skeletonise leaves leaving only veins, often accompanied by visible webbing on the foliage.

What to do: Hand-pick caterpillars or use biological controls like nematodes; prune out heavily infested shoots.

Affects Boxwood

Look for: Plants decline rapidly and fail completely with no obvious above-ground cause, often in waterlogged soil.

What to do: Ensure well-draining soil conditions and avoid overwatering to prevent root suffocation and fungal attack.

Affects Boxwood · Autumn

Look for: Small pink fungal fruiting bodies appear on dead or dying leaves, often following stress or wet clipping.

What to do: Improve cultural conditions by pruning diseased branches in dry weather and removing fallen leaves.

Affects Bracken

Look for: Surrounding plants show stunted growth or yellowing due to competition for nitrogen and phosphorus.

What to do: Clear established patches thoroughly and mulch well to restore soil fertility for desired plants.

Affects Bracken

Look for: Dense thickets form as underground rhizomes extend up to a metre deep, smothering surrounding vegetation.

What to do: Install deep root barriers and consistently cut back fronds before spores are released to weaken the plant.

Affects Bracken

Look for: Thrives in acidic soils (pH below 7), often indicating poor soil health for other garden plants.

What to do: Raise soil pH with lime if cultivating other species, as bracken prefers and indicates acidic conditions.

Affects Bracken · Summer

Look for: Brown sporangia appear on the undersides of mature fronds in late summer, releasing wind-blown spores.

What to do: Remove and burn or bag fronds before they turn brown to prevent new colonies from establishing nearby.

Affects Bramble

Look for: Flowers and young shoots become covered in a fuzzy grey-brown fungal growth.

What to do: Improve air circulation by thinning dense growth and remove affected plant parts.

Affects Bramble

Look for: A white, dusty fungal coating appears on leaves and young stems.

What to do: Spray with a fungicide or milk solution and ensure good air circulation around the plant.

Affects Bramble

Look for: Orange or yellow pustules develop on the undersides of leaves, causing them to curl.

What to do: Remove infected leaves immediately and apply a copper-based fungicide if severe.

Affects Bramble

Look for: Irregular holes chewed into young leaves and shoots, often accompanied by slime trails.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or apply iron phosphate-based pellets around the base.

Affects Bramble · Autumn

Look for: Notched edges on leaves above ground and root damage causing wilting below ground.

What to do: Apply nematode treatments to the soil in autumn or use biological controls for adults.

Affects Buddleia

Look for: spreads on open land, railway lines, urban areas and in gardens

What to do: deadheading blossoms to prevent seeding

Affects Bugle

Look for: Leaf edges turn brown and crispy due to exposure to intense sunlight.

What to do: Plant in partial shade or ensure consistent moisture during hot spells.

Affects Bugle

Look for: A white, dusty fungal growth appears on the leaves and stems.

What to do: Improve air circulation and apply a fungicide if infection is severe.

Affects Bugle · Winter

Look for: Leaves turn yellow and wilt despite moist soil conditions.

What to do: Ensure the soil is well-drained and avoid overwatering, especially in winter.

Affects Bugle

Look for: Irregular holes are eaten in the soft foliage, often accompanied by slime trails.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or organic slug pellets to protect plants.

Affects Bugle

Look for: Notched edges on leaves and wilting due to root damage in the soil.

What to do: Apply a systemic insecticide drench or use nematodes to control larvae.

Affects Camellia · Spring, Autumn

Look for: Flowers turn brown, shrivel and drop prematurely during spring bloom.

What to do: Rake up fallen petals immediately to remove fungal spores; choose autumn-flowering cultivars to avoid infection.

Affects Camellia

Look for: Individual leaves become swollen, distorted and turn white with a fungal bloom.

What to do: Pick off affected leaves before spores are released to prevent spread.

Affects Camellia

Look for: Leaves develop dark spots with black fruiting bodies, leading to defoliation.

What to do: Remove and destroy affected leaves promptly; improve air circulation and keep foliage dry.

Affects Camellia

Look for: Small, light brown scales with white egg sacs appear on leaf undersides, often accompanied by sooty mould.

What to do: Control infestations with horticultural oil or systemic insecticides; wash away sooty mould with water.

Affects Camellia

Look for: Raised, corky spots or patches form on the undersides of leaves due to excess water uptake.

What to do: Ensure well-draining soil and avoid overwatering; reduce humidity if grown under glass.

Affects Carrot

Look for: Clusters of small soft-bodied insects on stems and leaves, often with sticky honeydew.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds or blast off with a strong jet of water.

Affects Carrot

Look for: Roots become tunnelled by white larvae, causing plants to wilt or turn purple.

What to do: Sow thinly to avoid thinning and use fine insect mesh barriers at least 60cm high.

Affects Carrot

Look for: Yellowing and browning of foliage, particularly during wet growing conditions.

What to do: Ensure good air circulation and avoid overhead watering to keep foliage dry.

Affects Carrot · Spring

Look for: Irregular holes chewed in young leaves and seedlings may be eaten entirely.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or apply iron phosphate pellets around seedlings.

Affects Carrot · Spring

Look for: Roots show irregular tunnels and plants may fail to thrive or die.

What to do: Avoid planting in land recently used for potatoes; use brassica trap crops if possible.

Affects Catmint

Look for: Stems become long, weak, and floppy with sparse foliage after the first flush of flowers.

What to do: Cut back stems by half immediately after the main flowering period to encourage compact regrowth.

Affects Catmint · Summer

Look for: A white, dusty fungal growth appears on leaves and stems, particularly during dry summers.

What to do: Ensure good air circulation by thinning crowded plants and avoid overhead watering.

Affects Catmint

Look for: Plants wilt and collapse rapidly, with stems turning soft and brown near the soil line.

What to do: Plant in well-drained soil and avoid waterlogging to prevent root suffocation.

Affects Catmint

Look for: Irregular holes are chewed in young leaves and shoots, often accompanied by slimy trails.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or apply organic slug pellets around the base.

Affects Catmint

Look for: Notches appear on leaf margins and plants show sudden wilting due to root damage.

What to do: Inspect pots regularly for adult beetles at dusk and use biological nematodes in soil.

Affects Chamomile

Look for: Clusters of small insects on new growth causing leaf curling.

What to do: Spray off with water or apply insecticidal soap.

Affects Chamomile

Look for: White powdery fungal growth on leaves and stems.

What to do: Ensure good air circulation and avoid overhead watering.

Affects Chamomile

Look for: Yellowing foliage and wilting despite moist soil conditions.

What to do: Plant in well-drained soil to prevent waterlogging.

Affects Chamomile

Look for: Irregular holes in leaves and damage to soft young shoots.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or organic slug pellets.

Affects Chelidonium majus

Look for: Clusters of small soft-bodied insects on new growth, often leaving sticky honeydew.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds or blast off with a strong jet of water.

Affects Chelidonium majus

Look for: White, dusty fungal growth on leaves and stems, potentially causing distortion.

What to do: Improve air circulation and spray with a potassium bicarbonate solution if severe.

Affects Chelidonium majus · Winter

Look for: Yellowing foliage and general decline due to waterlogged, poorly drained soil.

What to do: Ensure well-drained soil conditions and avoid overwatering, especially in winter.

Affects Chelidonium majus

Look for: Irregular holes chewed into young leaves and stems, often accompanied by silky trails.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or organic pellets containing iron phosphate.

Affects Chelidonium majus · Summer, Autumn

Look for: Notched edges on leaves during the day and root damage causing wilting at night.

What to do: Apply biological nematodes to the soil in late summer or autumn to control larvae.

Affects Chives · Spring, Autumn

Look for: Wavy white lines in leaves; pupae in stems; distorted growth

What to do: Cover with insect-proof mesh spring and autumn; remove affected growth

Affects Chives

Look for: Pale patches and grey-purple mould on leaves in wet weather

What to do: Improve air flow; avoid overhead watering; remove infected leaves

Affects Chives

Look for: Yellowing, wilting; white fluffy fungus and black sclerotia on bulbs

What to do: No cure; lift and destroy affected plants; do not replant alliums there for years

Affects Clematis

Look for: Clusters of small soft-bodied insects on new growth causing sticky honeydew and curled leaves.

What to do: Squash by hand, blast off with water, or use insecticidal soap for heavy infestations.

Affects Clematis · Spring

Look for: Small pale spots on leaves that may turn brown, causing foliage to wither and drop.

What to do: Monitor regularly and treat with a broad-spectrum insecticide if populations are high.

Affects Clematis

Look for: Shoots suddenly wilt, turn black, and die back from the tips downwards.

What to do: Cut affected stems well below the visible damage to healthy wood and dispose of debris.

Affects Clematis

Look for: White powdery fungal growth appears on leaves and stems, often causing distortion.

What to do: Improve air circulation, avoid wetting foliage, and apply a suitable fungicide if severe.

Affects Clematis

Look for: Irregular holes in leaves and silvery trails on stems, particularly damaging young shoots.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or apply slug pellets sparingly around the base.

Affects Clematis · Summer

Look for: Notched leaf margins above ground and wilting due to root damage by grubs below.

What to do: Apply biological nematodes to the soil in late summer or use systemic insecticides.

Affects Common Alder · Spring

Look for: Leaves are skeletonised or eaten, leaving only the veins, causing significant defoliation.

What to do: Monitor for larvae in spring; severe infestations may require insecticidal treatment.

Affects Common Alder

Look for: Leaves are mined or eaten by caterpillars, leading to reduced vigour and potential suckering.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like birds; manual removal of larvae if populations are high.

Affects Common Alder

Look for: General decline in vigour with yellowing leaves, often accompanied by white fungal growth at the base.

What to do: Improve soil drainage and air circulation; remove infected roots if possible to prevent spread.

Affects Common Alder

Look for: Foliage turns brown and wilts, with dieback of branches and dark lesions forming under the bark.

What to do: Avoid waterlogged soils, ensure good drainage, and do not move infected soil or plant material.

Affects Common Alder

Look for: Irregular holes in young leaves and seedlings, with slimy trails visible on foliage.

What to do: Use physical barriers, copper tape, or approved slug pellets around young plants.

Affects Common Ash

Look for: Exit holes in the bark and sawdust-like frass, often weakening branches or killing young trees.

What to do: Maintain tree health through proper watering and mulching; prune out infested branches if detected early.

Affects Common Ash · Autumn

Look for: Diamond-shaped lesions on bark, crown dieback, and leaf loss caused by the fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus.

What to do: No cure exists; remove dead wood to prevent falling hazards and avoid moving infected ash material.

Affects Common Ash · Summer

Look for: Yellowing leaves in summer followed by premature leaf drop and eventual dieback of the crown.

What to do: No specific cure; focus on maintaining overall tree vigor and removing dead wood to reduce stress.

Affects Common Ash

Look for: General decline, wilting foliage, and white fungal growth at the base of the trunk or roots.

What to do: Improve drainage and soil aeration; remove severely infected trees to prevent spread to nearby plants.

Affects Common Ash

Look for: Irregular holes chewed in young leaves and seedlings, often leaving slimy trails.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or organic pellets around young plants during damp weather.

Affects Common Beech

Look for: Diamond-shaped cracks in the bark and dieback of branches caused by fungal infection entering through beetle wounds.

What to do: Remove and burn infected wood to reduce spread; maintain tree health to improve resistance as there is no cure.

Affects Common Beech · Spring

Look for: Newly emerging young leaves turn black, shrivel and die after exposure to sudden cold snaps in spring.

What to do: Plant in sheltered locations away from frost pockets; protect young trees with fleece if severe frosts are forecast.

Affects Common Beech

Look for: A white, dusty fungal growth appears on the surface of leaves and shoots, potentially causing distortion.

What to do: Improve air circulation around the tree and apply a fungicide if infection is severe.

Affects Common Beech

Look for: Wilting, yellowing foliage and stunted growth due to roots drowning in waterlogged or poorly drained soil.

What to do: Ensure planting sites have good drainage and avoid watering excessively during wet periods.

Affects Common Beech · Spring

Look for: Fluffy white patches appear on the underside of leaves in late spring, often accompanied by sticky honeydew and sooty mould.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds; severe infestations can be treated with a systemic insecticide or horticultural oil.

Affects Common Hazel

Look for: Clusters of small soft-bodied insects suck sap from new growth, causing sticky honeydew.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds or use a strong jet of water to dislodge them.

Affects Common Hazel · Winter

Look for: Small, wart-like swellings or galls form on leaves and stems where the mites feed.

What to do: Prune out severely affected growth in winter to reduce populations before they spread.

Affects Common Hazel · Spring

Look for: The plant declines with wilting foliage and white fungal mats may form under the bark.

What to do: Remove infected roots and replace soil, as there is no chemical cure for established infection.

Affects Common Hazel

Look for: A white, dusty fungal growth appears on leaves and shoots, potentially causing distortion.

What to do: Improve air circulation by thinning the canopy and apply a fungicide if infection is severe.

Affects Common Hazel

Look for: Leaves develop a distinctive silvery sheen on their undersides due to fungal infection.

What to do: Prune out affected branches well below the visible symptoms and burn them immediately.

Affects Common Lilac

Look for: General decline, yellowing foliage, and white fungal mats or black root-like strands at the base.

What to do: Improve drainage and remove infected plants completely to prevent spread to neighbours.

Affects Common Lilac

Look for: Angular brown spots on leaves coalesce into blackened areas, causing buds to scorch and shoots to die back.

What to do: Prune out infected growth in dry weather and avoid overhead watering to reduce spread.

Affects Common Lilac

Look for: Irregular white or brown blotches appear within the leaves as larvae tunnel through the tissue.

What to do: Remove heavily infested leaves and encourage natural predators like parasitic wasps.

Affects Common Lilac

Look for: A white, dusty fungal growth appears on leaves and young shoots, potentially causing distortion.

What to do: Ensure good air circulation by thinning the canopy and apply a suitable fungicide if severe.

Affects Common Lilac · Winter

Look for: Small, immobile, waxy scales cluster on stems and undersides of leaves, weakening the plant.

What to do: Scrape off heavy infestations by hand or use a horticultural oil spray in winter.

Affects Common Rose

Look for: Clusters of small green or black insects cluster on new shoots and buds, causing stunted growth.

What to do: Squash by hand, blast with water, or use insecticidal soap for heavy infestations.

Affects Common Rose · Spring, Autumn

Look for: Circular black spots with fringed edges appear on leaves, causing them to yellow and drop prematurely.

What to do: Remove fallen leaves in autumn and apply a fungicide or lime sulphur spray in early spring.

Affects Common Rose

Look for: Large, rough, tumour-like swellings develop on the stem base or roots, weakening the plant.

What to do: Cut out galls with sterile tools and destroy infected material; avoid replanting roses in affected soil.

Affects Common Rose

Look for: A white, dusty fungal growth covers new shoots, buds, and the upper surfaces of leaves.

What to do: Improve air circulation by pruning and treat with a sulphur-based fungicide or milk spray.

Affects Common Rose

Look for: Orange-yellow pustules form on the undersides of leaves, causing them to curl and turn brown.

What to do: Prune out affected growth and apply a systemic fungicide at the first sign of infection.

Affects Common Rose · Winter

Look for: Small, immobile, brown or white bumps encrust stems and leaves, often accompanied by sticky honeydew.

What to do: Scrape off small infestations manually or apply horticultural oil during the dormant season.

Affects Coneflower

Look for: White powdery fungal growth appears on leaves and stems, often in humid conditions.

What to do: Improve air circulation and avoid overhead watering; remove affected foliage.

Affects Coneflower · Autumn, Winter

Look for: Plants collapse and die back, particularly in winter on wet or heavy soils.

What to do: Ensure well-drained soil and avoid autumn planting to prevent waterlogging.

Affects Coneflower

Look for: Irregular holes chewed into young leaves and seedlings, often with slime trails.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or organic slug pellets around new plants.

Affects Coneflower

Look for: Tall stems bend or break under the weight of flowers, especially in shade.

What to do: Plant in full sun and stake tall varieties if necessary to support blooms.

Affects Coral Bells · Winter

Look for: Plants are pushed out of the soil by freezing ground, exposing roots to drying winds.

What to do: Mound soil around exposed roots in winter and ensure planting in well-drained locations.

Affects Coral Bells · Spring, Autumn, Winter

Look for: Orange-brown pustules on leaves that may turn brown, shrivel, or develop a shot-hole appearance.

What to do: Remove infected foliage and old leaves in autumn to reduce overwintering spores.

Affects Coral Bells

Look for: Pale or light-coloured foliage turns brown and crispy at the edges due to excessive sun exposure.

What to do: Plant in dappled shade and water regularly during dry spells to prevent stress.

Affects Coral Bells

Look for: Adults chew notches in leaf edges while larvae feed on roots, causing wilting and collapse.

What to do: Cover pot compost with gravel to prevent egg-laying and treat with nematodes or systemic insecticides.

Affects Coriander

Look for: similar to other food allergies

Affects Cornflower

Look for: Clusters of small soft-bodied insects on new growth, often leaving sticky honeydew.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds or blast off with a strong jet of water.

Affects Cornflower

Look for: White, dusty fungal growth appears on leaves and stems, potentially causing distortion.

What to do: Ensure good air circulation and avoid overhead watering; remove severely affected foliage.

Affects Cornflower

Look for: Plants wilt and collapse despite moist soil due to waterlogged, poorly drained conditions.

What to do: Plant in well-drained soil and avoid overwatering to prevent fungal attack on roots.

Affects Cornflower

Look for: Irregular holes chewed in young leaves and seedlings, often accompanied by slimy trails.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or organic pellets to protect vulnerable young plants.

Affects Cornflower

Look for: Notched edges on leaves above ground and wilting due to root damage below soil level.

What to do: Check potted seedlings for grubs and apply biological nematodes or systemic controls if found.

Affects Cosmos

Affects Cosmos

Affects Cosmos

Look for: breakage of delicate stems

Affects Cosmos

Affects Courgette

Look for: Grey, fluffy growth on plants.

What to do: Cut out any affected areas and remove any dead growth on the ground. Avoid splashing the leaves when watering.

Affects Courgette

What to do: Prune out and destroy affected leaves immediately.

Affects Crocus

Look for: Flowers stripped of petals or corms dug up and scattered by foraging birds.

What to do: Use netting or bird deterrents over planting areas during flowering season.

Affects Crocus

Look for: Soft, mushy corms with a foul smell, often leading to failure to flower or plant collapse.

What to do: Ensure well-drained soil and avoid waterlogging; discard infected corms immediately.

Affects Crocus

Look for: Irregular holes chewed into emerging leaves and flowers, often accompanied by slimy trails.

What to do: Use slug pellets, beer traps, or copper tape barriers to protect tender new growth.

Affects Crocus

Look for: Black, powdery fungal growth on leaves resulting from honeydew secreted by aphids.

What to do: Control aphid populations and wash leaves with water to remove the mould.

Affects Crocus · Autumn

Look for: Notched leaf margins on seedlings or wilting plants caused by grubs feeding on roots underground.

What to do: Check pots for grubs before planting and use biological nematodes or chemical controls in autumn.

Affects Daffodil

Look for: Plants produce healthy green foliage but fail to produce any flower stems or blooms.

What to do: Lift and divide overcrowded clumps every few years and ensure adequate sunlight and nutrients.

Affects Daffodil

Look for: Bulbs develop a soft, brown rot at the base, causing foliage to yellow and collapse.

What to do: Ensure well-drained soil and avoid waterlogging; remove and discard infected bulbs promptly.

Affects Daffodil

Look for: Bulbs become soft and rot from within, often containing a maggot and muddy excrement.

What to do: Dig up affected bulbs immediately to destroy larvae and dispose of them in household waste.

Affects Daffodil

Look for: Yellow streaks running down the leaves and distorted flowers with white flecks or streaks.

What to do: Remove and destroy infected plants as there is no cure; source virus-free stock for new plantings.

Affects Daffodil

Look for: Irregular holes eaten into emerging foliage and flower buds, often accompanied by slime trails.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or apply iron phosphate-based slug pellets around plants.

Affects Dahlia

Look for: wilt, have spots on the leaves, the leaves can get irregular coloring/ patterning, etc.

Affects Dahlia

Look for: eat the petals, leave slime trails, leave tattered petals, etc.

Affects Daylily

Look for: Flower buds become abnormally swollen, shorter, and fatter than usual, then fail to open.

What to do: Remove and burn affected flower scapes as soon as symptoms appear to prevent larvae from maturing.

Affects Daylily

Look for: Bright red-orange beetles and black slugs of larvae skeletonise leaves, leaving them ragged.

What to do: Hand-pick adults and larvae regularly or use a biological control agent like nematodes.

Affects Daylily

Look for: A white, dusty fungal growth appears on leaves, often in humid conditions with poor air circulation.

What to do: Improve airflow by thinning clumps and apply a fungicide if infection is severe.

Affects Daylily · Spring

Look for: Foliage turns yellow and wilts despite adequate moisture due to waterlogged soil conditions.

What to do: Ensure well-drained soil and avoid overwatering; lift and divide congested clumps in spring.

Affects Daylily

Look for: Irregular holes chewed into young leaves and flower buds, often accompanied by slimy trails.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or apply slug pellets sparingly around new growth.

Affects Delphinium

Look for: Dark, shiny brown-black blotches appear on leaves, stems, and flowers, causing foliage to shrivel.

What to do: Remove affected plant parts immediately and avoid saving seed from infected plants.

Affects Delphinium

Look for: Caterpillars feed on foliage, leaving visible holes and potentially stripping leaves.

What to do: Inspect plants regularly and hand-pick caterpillars as soon as they are spotted.

Affects Delphinium

Look for: White, dusty fungal patches spread across leaf surfaces, potentially causing distortion.

What to do: Ensure good air circulation and apply a suitable fungicide if infection is severe.

Affects Delphinium

Look for: Irregular holes chewed into young leaves and damage to emerging new growth.

What to do: Protect new shoots with physical barriers or use slug pellets around the base of plants.

Affects Dill

Look for: plants are eaten by black swallowtail caterpillars

Affects Dill

What to do: support with bamboo canes or twiggy sticks

Affects Dog Rose

Look for: Clusters of small green or black insects cluster on new growth, causing leaves to curl and sticky honeydew.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds or blast off infestations with a strong jet of water.

Affects Dog Rose

Look for: A white, dusty fungal growth covers young shoots, leaves, and buds, often causing distortion.

What to do: Ensure good air circulation and prune out affected growth; avoid overhead watering to keep foliage dry.

Affects Dog Rose

Look for: Distinctive black spots with fringed edges develop on leaves, causing them to yellow and drop.

What to do: Improve air circulation, remove affected foliage, and avoid wetting the leaves when watering.

Affects Dog Rose

Look for: Stems become discoloured, shrivel, and die back from the tips, often following physical damage or frost.

What to do: Prune affected wood back to healthy tissue at an angle and disinfect tools between cuts.

Affects Dog Rose · Autumn, Winter

Look for: Orange or black spore pustules appear on the undersides of leaves and distorted stems.

What to do: Prune out infected growth immediately and collect fallen leaves in autumn to reduce overwintering spores.

Affects Dog Rose

Look for: Small, brown, limpet-like structures encrust the stems and branches, weakening the plant.

What to do: Scrape off visible scales by hand or use a horticultural oil spray during dormancy.

Affects Dogwood

Look for: Wilting, dieback of branches, and white fungal growth under the bark.

What to do: Improve drainage and avoid planting in soil previously infected with honey fungus.

Affects Dogwood · Winter

Look for: Small, white or brown waxy scales on stems causing yellowing leaves and sooty mould.

What to do: Scrape off visible scales in winter and encourage natural predators like ladybirds.

Affects Dogwood

Look for: General decline, yellowing leaves, and eventual death due to waterlogged roots.

What to do: Ensure well-drained soil and avoid overwatering to prevent root suffocation.

Affects Dogwood

Look for: Irregular holes chewed into young leaves and seedlings, often with slime trails.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or beer traps to protect new growth.

Affects Dogwood

Look for: Notched leaf margins and root damage by grubs in the soil or compost.

What to do: Check pots for grubs before planting and use biological controls if infested.

Affects Elder

Look for: Clusters of small green or black insects on new shoots causing leaf curling and sticky honeydew.

What to do: Squash by hand, spray with water, or use insecticidal soap if infestations are heavy.

Affects Elder · Spring, Autumn

Look for: Large brown patches on leaves that may cause premature defoliation in severe cases.

What to do: Rake up fallen leaves to reduce spores and ensure good air circulation around the plant.

Affects Elder

Look for: Fine webbing on leaves and stippled yellowing of foliage, especially in dry conditions.

What to do: Increase humidity by misting leaves and treat with horticultural oil or a miticide if necessary.

Affects Elder · Spring

Look for: General decline, wilting foliage, and white fungal growth under the bark at the base of stems.

What to do: Improve soil drainage and remove infected roots; severe cases may require removing the plant.

Affects Elder

Look for: Leaves on individual branches turn yellow, wither and die back while remaining attached.

What to do: Remove and burn affected wood immediately; avoid replanting elders in the same spot for several years.

Affects English Ivy

Look for: A white, dusty fungal growth appears on leaves and stems, often causing distortion or yellowing.

What to do: Improve air circulation, avoid overhead watering, and treat with a fungicide if severe.

Affects English Ivy

Look for: Leaves turn yellow and drop while stems become soft and mushy due to waterlogged soil.

What to do: Ensure pots have drainage holes and allow compost to dry slightly between waterings.

Affects English Ivy

Look for: Small, immobile bumps appear on stems and leaves, often leading to sticky honeydew.

What to do: Wipe off with a damp cloth or treat with horticultural oil during the growing season.

Affects English Ivy

Look for: Irregular holes are eaten into leaves, often accompanied by silvery slime trails.

What to do: Apply slug pellets, use beer traps, or hand-pick at night to reduce populations.

Affects English Ivy

Look for: Notches appear on leaf margins while larvae feed on roots in pots, causing wilting.

What to do: Use nematodes or insecticidal drenches to control soil-dwelling larvae.

Affects English Oak

Look for: Dark bleeding cankers on the trunk and branches with associated leaf loss and crown dieback.

What to do: Report suspected cases to the Tree Health Diagnostic Advisory Service for investigation.

Affects English Oak · Summer

Look for: Slow decline with summer dieback of shoots and possible white fungal growth at the base.

What to do: Improve drainage and avoid root damage; consult an arborist for severe infections.

Affects English Oak

Look for: Distinctive galls or swellings on leaves, twigs, or roots caused by wasp larvae.

What to do: Generally harmless; remove affected branches only if aesthetically undesirable.

Affects English Oak

Look for: Silken nests containing caterpillars in the canopy, often causing defoliation.

What to do: Avoid disturbing nests due to toxic hairs; seek professional removal advice.

Affects English Oak

Look for: White, dusty fungal coating on young leaves and shoots during warm, dry weather.

What to do: Ensure good air circulation and avoid overhead watering to reduce humidity around foliage.

Affects Fennel

Look for: Can drastically alter the composition and structure of many plant communities by outcompeting native species for light, nutrients, and water

Affects Fern

Look for: Small, brownish pustules appear on the undersides of fronds.

What to do: Improve air circulation and remove severely affected fronds to reduce spore spread.

Affects Fern

Look for: Irregular holes chewed into young fronds and silky trails left on foliage.

What to do: Use slug pellets, beer traps, or hand-pick pests at night to protect new growth.

Affects Fern · Summer

Look for: Fronds turn brown, crispy, or bleached due to exposure to full summer sun.

What to do: Plant in partial shade and ensure consistent moisture during hot, dry spells.

Affects Fern · Autumn

Look for: Notched edges on leaves above ground and root damage causing wilting below.

What to do: Apply nematodes in autumn or use systemic insecticides for potted specimens.

Affects Fern

Look for: Young emerging fronds are torn, shredded, or desiccated by strong winds.

What to do: Site the fern in a sheltered location protected from prevailing winds.

Affects Field Maple

Look for: Clusters of small soft-bodied insects on new growth, excreting sticky honeydew that attracts ants.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds; use a strong jet of water or insecticidal soap for heavy infestations.

Affects Field Maple · Winter

Look for: Small, wart-like swellings or galls form on leaves and twigs, causing minor distortion.

What to do: Usually cosmetic; prune out severely affected shoots in winter to reduce populations.

Affects Field Maple

Look for: General decline, dieback of branches, and white fungal growth under the bark at the base of the trunk.

What to do: Ensure good soil drainage and avoid deep planting; remove infected trees and dispose of roots carefully.

Affects Field Maple

Look for: A white, powdery fungal growth on young leaves and shoots, particularly in dry, warm weather.

What to do: Water at the base to keep foliage dry; apply a sulphur-based fungicide if severe on young trees.

Affects Field Maple · Spring, Autumn

Look for: Distinctive black, tar-like spots appear on leaves, which may cause premature leaf drop but rarely harm the tree.

What to do: Rake up fallen leaves in autumn to reduce spore load; generally no chemical control is needed.

Affects Field Maple

Look for: Sudden wilting and browning of leaves on individual branches or the whole tree, often with no external signs of pests.

What to do: Improve drainage and avoid planting in soil known to be infected; remove severely affected trees to prevent spread.

Affects Foxglove

Look for: low pulse rate, nausea, vomiting, uncoordinated contractions of different parts of the heart, leading to cardiac arrest and death

Affects Fuchsia

Look for: Shoot tips become distorted with masses of yellowish-green or reddish-pink tissue instead of normal leaves or flowers.

What to do: Prune out affected growth immediately and dispose of it in general waste, not compost.

Affects Fuchsia · Autumn

Look for: Orange pustules appear on the undersides of leaves, causing them to shrivel and fall prematurely.

What to do: Remove infected leaves promptly and avoid wetting foliage when watering to reduce spread.

Affects Fuchsia

Look for: A white, dusty fungal growth covers leaves and stems, potentially stunting new growth.

What to do: Ensure good air circulation around plants and water at the base to keep foliage dry.

Affects Fuchsia

Look for: Irregular holes are eaten in soft new leaves and flower buds, often accompanied by slimy trails.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or beer traps, and hand-pick pests at night.

Affects Fuchsia · Spring, Autumn

Look for: Notches appear on leaf margins while roots are eaten away underground, causing plants to wilt.

What to do: Apply biological controls containing nematodes to the soil in autumn and spring.

Affects Goat Willow

Look for: Clusters of small soft-bodied insects on new growth and undersides of leaves, often accompanied by sticky honeydew.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds and lacewings, or wash off infestations with a strong jet of water.

Affects Goat Willow · Spring

Look for: General decline, yellowing foliage, and white fungal growth or black root-like strands at the base of the trunk.

What to do: Improve drainage and avoid wounding roots; severe cases may require removal of the plant to prevent spread.

Affects Goat Willow · Spring, Autumn

Look for: Small dark spots on leaves that may coalesce, causing yellowing and premature leaf drop, particularly in wet weather.

What to do: Rake up and destroy fallen leaves to reduce spore load and prune out severely infected shoots promptly.

Affects Goat Willow · Spring

Look for: Sunken, discoloured lesions appear on stems and branches, which may eventually girdle the branch causing dieback.

What to do: Prune out affected branches well below the visible damage during dry weather to prevent spread.

Affects Goat Willow

Look for: Small orange pustules appear on the undersides of leaves, potentially causing minor leaf distortion or drop.

What to do: Control is rarely necessary as damage is minimal; remove alternate hosts like Euonymus if feasible to break the cycle.

Affects Goat Willow

Look for: Small, immobile white or brown bumps attached to stems and leaves, weakening the plant through sap feeding.

What to do: Prune out heavily infested branches and encourage parasitic wasps which naturally control scale populations.

Affects Gorse

Look for: Wilting, yellowing foliage and dieback of branches, often with white fungal growth at the base.

What to do: Improve drainage and avoid planting in soil known to be infected; remove severely affected plants.

Affects Gorse

Look for: Yellowing between leaf veins or pale foliage indicating poor uptake of essential nutrients.

What to do: Avoid adding rich fertilizers which cause leggy growth; rely on natural soil nutrients in poor soils.

Affects Gorse

Look for: General decline, yellowing leaves, and wilting despite adequate moisture due to waterlogged soil.

What to do: Ensure planting in well-drained, sandy or acidic soil and avoid overwatering.

Affects Gorse

Look for: Irregular holes chewed into young shoots, leaves, or flower buds, often accompanied by slime trails.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or apply iron phosphate-based pellets around the base.

Affects Gorse · Autumn

Look for: Notched edges on leaves above ground and root damage or rot below ground caused by grubs.

What to do: Check roots when purchasing new plants and apply biological nematodes to the soil in autumn.

Affects Guelder Rose

Look for: Clusters of small soft-bodied insects on new growth causing leaf curling and sticky honeydew.

What to do: Squash by hand, blast off with water, or use insecticidal soap for heavy infestations.

Affects Guelder Rose

Look for: Slow dieback of branches and white fungal growth at the base of the stem.

What to do: Improve drainage and air circulation; surgical removal of infected roots if possible.

Affects Guelder Rose · Autumn

Look for: Small dark or brown spots appearing on leaves, potentially causing premature leaf drop.

What to do: Remove fallen leaves in autumn to reduce spores and avoid wetting foliage when watering.

Affects Guelder Rose

Look for: General decline, yellowing foliage, and wilting due to waterlogged soil conditions.

What to do: Ensure well-drained soil and avoid overwatering; remove severely affected plants.

Affects Guelder Rose

Look for: Leaves are skeletonised with only veins remaining, leading to significant defoliation.

What to do: Hand-pick adults and larvae or apply a systemic insecticide if infestation is severe.

Affects Hardy Geranium · Spring, Summer

Look for: Greyish-green larvae chew irregular holes in leaves during spring and summer.

What to do: Hand-pick larvae or use biological controls; damage is often cosmetic.

Affects Hardy Geranium

Look for: White, dusty fungal growth appears on leaves and stems in humid conditions.

What to do: Improve air circulation and apply a sulphur-based fungicide if severe.

Affects Hardy Geranium

Look for: Yellowing lower leaves and wilting despite moist soil, often with browning roots.

What to do: Ensure well-draining compost and avoid overwatering to prevent waterlogging.

Affects Hardy Geranium

Look for: Irregular holes in young foliage and silky trails on leaves and stems.

What to do: Use beer traps, copper tape, or iron phosphate-based pellets to reduce populations.

Affects Hardy Geranium · Autumn

Look for: Notched leaf margins during the day and root damage causing plant decline at night.

What to do: Apply nematode treatments in autumn or use biological controls on potted plants.

Affects Hawthorn · Spring, Autumn, Winter

Look for: Small brown or purple spots appear on leaves, which may curl, distort, or drop prematurely.

What to do: Rake up fallen leaves in autumn to reduce overwintering spores and ensure good air circulation.

Affects Hawthorn · Spring

Look for: Leaves develop raised, pale green or yellowish blisters that may turn brown and dry out.

What to do: Tolerate minor infestations as natural predators usually control them; prune affected shoots if severe.

Affects Hawthorn

Look for: Small, red or green blister-like galls appear on the upper surface of leaves.

What to do: Remove and destroy heavily infested leaves to reduce populations; chemical control is rarely needed.

Affects Hawthorn

Look for: Leaves are skeletonised or eaten away by small, wasp-like larvae feeding in groups.

What to do: Hand-pick larvae into soapy water or use a targeted insecticide if damage is extensive.

Affects Hawthorn

Look for: A white, dusty fungal growth appears on leaves, shoots, and sometimes flowers.

What to do: Improve air circulation by thinning dense growth and avoid overhead watering to keep foliage dry.

Affects Heather

Look for: Stems become brittle and snap off easily, often with white fungal growth at the base.

What to do: Remove infected plants completely and avoid replanting ericaceous species in that spot for several years.

Affects Heather

Look for: Leaves turn yellow or pale green due to alkaline soil preventing iron uptake.

What to do: Lower soil pH using ericaceous compost and apply an acid-loving plant fertiliser.

Affects Heather

Look for: A white, dusty fungal coating appears on leaves and stems, particularly in humid conditions.

What to do: Improve air circulation by thinning dense growth and apply a suitable fungicide if severe.

Affects Heather

Look for: Foliage turns brown and shrivels while the soil remains wet, indicating waterlogged roots.

What to do: Ensure excellent drainage by planting in sandy, acidic soil and avoid overwatering.

Affects Heather

Look for: Irregular holes are eaten into young shoots and leaves, often accompanied by slime trails.

What to do: Use slug pellets, beer traps, or hand-pick pests at night to protect new growth.

Affects Heather · Autumn

Look for: Notches appear on leaf margins at night, while larvae damage roots causing plant decline.

What to do: Apply nematodes to the soil in autumn or use a systemic insecticide for potted plants.

Affects Hebe

Look for: Clusters of small soft-bodied insects on new growth causing leaf curling.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds or spray with a strong jet of water.

Affects Hebe

Look for: Purple-red blotches on upper leaf surfaces with white fungal growth underneath.

What to do: Ensure good air circulation and water at the base to keep foliage dry.

Affects Hebe

Look for: Distinct dark spots appear on leaves, often during wet weather conditions.

What to do: Remove affected leaves and avoid overhead watering to reduce humidity.

Affects Hebe

Look for: Irregular holes chewed in leaves and silvery slime trails on foliage.

What to do: Use physical barriers, hand-pick at night, or apply iron phosphate pellets.

Affects Hebe

Look for: Notched edges on leaves above ground and root damage below soil level.

What to do: Check pots for grubs before planting and use biological controls if infested.

Affects Hellebore

Look for: Whitish-green insects form colonies on leaves and flowers, excreting sticky honeydew that leads to sooty mould.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds; tolerate light infestations or use targeted controls if severe.

Affects Hellebore

Look for: Plants become stunted and deformed with distinctive black streaks and netting patterns on leaves.

What to do: Dig up and destroy infected plants immediately as there is no cure for this viral disease.

Affects Hellebore

Look for: Larvae tunnel within the foliage, creating visible mines primarily on stinking hellebore (H. foetidus).

What to do: Remove and dispose of heavily mined leaves to reduce larval populations for the following season.

Affects Hellebore · Autumn

Look for: Roundish, dead brown spots appear on leaves and stems, often carried over from old foliage.

What to do: Remove affected leaves promptly and cut back old foliage in autumn to reduce infection sources.

Affects Hellebore

Look for: Irregular holes chewed in young shoots, flowers, and emerging foliage, often accompanied by slime trails.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or organic pellets, and hand-pick pests at night.

Affects Holly

Look for: Clusters of soft-bodied insects on young shoots causing curling leaves and sticky residue.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds or treat with a targeted insecticidal soap if populations are high.

Affects Holly · Autumn

Look for: Leaves turn brown and fall prematurely, often accompanied by twig dieback and arch-shaped patches of infection in hedges.

What to do: Improve drainage to avoid waterlogging, remove infected debris, and quarantine new plants for observation before planting.

Affects Holly

Look for: Distinctive brown or discoloured blotches appear on the leaves as larvae feed within the leaf tissue.

What to do: Generally harmless; prune out severely affected shoots if necessary, but usually no chemical control is needed.

Affects Holly · Winter

Look for: Small, immobile, shield-like bumps appear on stems and leaves, often accompanied by sticky honeydew.

What to do: Scrape off small infestations manually or use horticultural oil sprays during the dormant season.

Affects Holly · Autumn, Winter

Look for: Leaves turn brown, crisp, or scorched due to moisture loss from cold winds and frozen soil.

What to do: Water well before ground freezes in autumn and mulch roots to retain moisture during dry winter spells.

Affects Honeysuckle

Look for: Clusters of small green or black insects on new growth causing leaf curling and sticky honeydew.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds or use a strong jet of water to dislodge them.

Affects Honeysuckle · Spring

Look for: Small brown or black spots on leaves that may enlarge and cause premature leaf drop.

What to do: Remove affected leaves and avoid wetting foliage when watering to reduce humidity.

Affects Honeysuckle · Spring

Look for: White, dusty fungal growth on leaves and stems, often appearing in dry, sunny conditions.

What to do: Improve air circulation by pruning and mulch in spring to maintain consistent soil moisture.

Affects Honeysuckle

Look for: Irregular holes chewed into young leaves and stems, often accompanied by slimy trails.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or apply organic slug pellets around the base.

Affects Honeysuckle · Summer

Look for: Notched edges on leaves above ground and root damage below, leading to wilting in potted plants.

What to do: Apply biological nematodes to the soil in late summer or use systemic insecticides.

Affects Honeysuckle 'Graham Thomas' · Spring, Autumn, Winter

Look for: Small, dark spots appear on leaves which may turn yellow and drop prematurely.

What to do: Remove fallen leaves in autumn to reduce overwintering spores and avoid wetting foliage when watering.

Affects Honeysuckle 'Graham Thomas'

Look for: Clusters of small green or black insects cluster on new growth, causing leaves to curl.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds or use a strong jet of water to dislodge them.

Affects Honeysuckle 'Graham Thomas' · Spring

Look for: A white, dusty fungal growth appears on leaves and young shoots, often causing distortion.

What to do: Mulch in spring to reduce water stress and improve air circulation around the base.

Affects Honeysuckle 'Graham Thomas' · Spring

Look for: Leaves develop a silvery sheen on the underside and may become distorted or die back.

What to do: Prune out affected branches well below the infection point and burn them immediately.

Affects Honeysuckle 'Graham Thomas'

Look for: Tiny insects cause silvery or bronzed patches on leaves and flowers, often leaving black specks.

What to do: Use blue sticky traps to monitor populations and apply horticultural oil if infestations are severe.

Affects Honeysuckle 'Serotina' · Spring, Autumn

Look for: Small, dark spots appear on leaves, which may turn yellow and drop prematurely.

What to do: Remove fallen leaves in autumn and avoid wetting foliage when watering to reduce humidity.

Affects Honeysuckle 'Serotina'

Look for: Clusters of small green or black insects on new growth, causing leaf curling and sticky honeydew.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds or treat with a systemic insecticide if infestations are heavy.

Affects Honeysuckle 'Serotina'

Look for: White, dusty fungal growth appears on leaves and stems, often causing distortion or yellowing.

What to do: Improve air circulation, avoid overhead watering, and apply a suitable fungicide if severe.

Affects Honeysuckle 'Serotina' · Spring

Look for: Leaves develop a silvery sheen on the underside and may become distorted or die back.

What to do: Prune out affected branches well below the infection point and burn them to prevent spread.

Affects Honeysuckle 'Serotina'

Look for: Tiny insects cause silvery or bronzed patches on leaves and flowers, often leaving black specks of excrement.

What to do: Use blue sticky traps to monitor populations and apply insecticidal soap if necessary.

Affects Hornbeam

Look for: Clusters of small soft-bodied insects on new growth causing sticky honeydew.

What to do: Spray with water jet or use insecticidal soap if infestations are heavy.

Affects Hornbeam

Look for: Visible leaf skeletonization or holes chewed by larvae.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like birds and wasps to control populations.

Affects Hornbeam

Look for: Bright orange or coral-red fungal fruiting bodies form on dead wood.

What to do: Prune out infected wood and disinfect tools to prevent spread.

Affects Hornbeam

Look for: White fungal growth under bark and wilting or dieback of branches.

What to do: Remove infected trees and avoid replanting susceptible species nearby.

Affects Hornbeam

Look for: White powdery fungal growth appears on leaves and shoots.

What to do: Improve air circulation and prune out affected branches in dry weather.

Affects Hosta

Look for: General decline, yellowing leaves, and white fungal growth under bark at the base.

What to do: Improve drainage and avoid replanting hostas in infected soil for several years.

Affects Hosta

Look for: Brown, crispy edges on leaves caused by exposure to strong sun or dry conditions.

What to do: Plant in partial shade and maintain consistent moisture with a thick layer of mulch.

Affects Hosta

Look for: Irregular holes eaten through leaves, often with silvery slime trails visible on foliage.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or crushed eggshells, and apply iron phosphate pellets.

Affects Hosta · Spring

Look for: Notched leaf margins above ground and white grubs feeding on roots in the soil.

What to do: Check new plants for grubs before planting and use nematodes or biological controls in spring.

Affects Hydrangea

Look for: White oval waxy patches on stems and leaves, leading to yellowing foliage and reduced vigour.

What to do: Prune out heavily infested branches and treat with horticultural oil during the crawler stage.

Affects Hydrangea · Spring

Look for: Dark brown or black spots with yellow halos develop on leaves, which may eventually drop.

What to do: Remove affected foliage and avoid wetting leaves when watering to reduce fungal spread.

Affects Hydrangea

Look for: A white, dusty fungal growth appears on leaves and flower buds, causing distortion.

What to do: Improve air circulation, avoid overhead watering, and apply a sulphur-based fungicide if severe.

Affects Hydrangea

Look for: Irregular holes chewed in leaves and stems, often accompanied by silvery slime trails.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or crushed eggshells, and apply iron phosphate pellets.

Affects Hydrangea · Spring, Autumn

Look for: Notched edges on leaves during the day and root damage causing wilting at night.

What to do: Apply systemic insecticide granules to the soil in spring and autumn to control larvae.

Affects Japanese Maple · Spring

Look for: Small, blister-like galls or distortions on the underside of leaves, often appearing in spring.

What to do: Prune out affected branches if severe; generally cosmetic and rarely requires chemical intervention.

Affects Japanese Maple

Look for: Clusters of small green or black insects on new growth, causing distorted leaves and sticky honeydew.

What to do: Spray off with a strong jet of water or treat with insecticidal soap or natural predators like ladybirds.

Affects Japanese Maple · Spring

Look for: General decline, wilting foliage, and white fungal growth under the bark at the base of the trunk.

What to do: Improve drainage and avoid deep mulching near the stem; severe cases may require removal of the tree.

Affects Japanese Maple · Summer

Look for: Leaves turn brown and crispy at the edges or tips, often due to drought stress or excessive sun exposure.

What to do: Ensure consistent soil moisture in summer and provide partial shade to protect foliage from harsh sunlight.

Affects Japanese Maple

Look for: Sudden wilting, yellowing, and browning of leaves on one side or branch, potentially leading to dieback.

What to do: Remove and destroy infected plants immediately; avoid replanting maples in the same soil for several years.

Affects Laburnum

Look for: Clusters of small soft-bodied insects on new shoots causing sticky honeydew and distorted growth.

What to do: Squash by hand or use a strong jet of water; apply insecticidal soap if infestations are severe.

Affects Laburnum · Autumn

Look for: General decline, wilting foliage, and white fungal growth at the base of the trunk in autumn.

What to do: Improve drainage and soil health; remove infected roots and avoid replanting susceptible species nearby.

Affects Laburnum · Spring, Autumn, Winter

Look for: Winding white or brown trails visible within the leaf tissue caused by larvae feeding inside.

What to do: Rake up fallen leaves to reduce overwintering populations; severe cases may require insecticide.

Affects Laburnum

Look for: White powdery fungal growth on leaves and stems, potentially causing leaf distortion.

What to do: Improve air circulation by pruning; apply a fungicide if necessary and avoid overhead watering.

Affects Laburnum

Look for: Leaves develop a silvery sheen underneath and the tree shows general decline or dieback.

What to do: Prune out infected branches well below the visible symptoms and burn them to prevent spread.

Affects Laburnum

Look for: Irregular holes chewed in young leaves and seedlings, often accompanied by slimy trails.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or apply iron phosphate-based slug pellets around the base.

Affects Lavender · Summer

Look for: Frothy white foam on stems in early summer

What to do: Harmless to established plants; dislodge with a jet of water if unsightly

Affects Lavender

Look for: Fuzzy grey growth and dieback in wet, crowded conditions

What to do: Improve drainage and air flow; cut out affected growth; avoid overhead watering

Affects Lavender · Summer

Look for: Metallic green-and-purple striped beetles; notched leaves from late summer

What to do: Hand-pick adults and larvae; encourage birds and ground beetles; tolerate light damage

Affects Lavender 'Hidcote'

Look for: A fuzzy grey fungal growth appears on stems and flowers, particularly in damp, humid weather.

What to do: Ensure good air circulation by pruning out crowded growth and avoid wetting foliage when watering.

Affects Lavender 'Hidcote' · Winter

Look for: Foliage turns brown and wilts despite moist soil, often following winter wet or heavy clay conditions.

What to do: Plant in free-draining soil with good air circulation and avoid overwatering during dry spells.

Affects Lavender 'Hidcote'

Look for: Small black beetles with orange markings chew irregular holes in leaves, causing significant defoliation.

What to do: Hand-pick adults and larvae regularly or apply a biological control like nematodes if infestations are severe.

Affects Lavender 'Hidcote' · Summer, Autumn

Look for: Notches appear on leaf margins during the day, while larvae feed on roots underground causing plant decline.

What to do: Apply biological nematodes to the soil in late summer and autumn to control root-feeding larvae.

Affects Lavender 'Hidcote' · Autumn

Look for: Stems become soft, brown, and mushy after exposure to cold, wet conditions without adequate drainage.

What to do: Avoid pruning in late autumn in wet regions and ensure plants are situated in well-drained, sunny positions.

Affects Lavender 'Munstead'

Look for: White, dusty fungal growth appears on leaves and stems, particularly in humid conditions.

What to do: Ensure good air circulation by pruning annually and avoid wetting foliage when watering.

Affects Lavender 'Munstead'

Look for: Foliage turns yellow or brown and wilts despite moist soil, often in heavy or waterlogged conditions.

What to do: Plant in free-draining soil and avoid overwatering; improve drainage with grit if necessary.

Affects Lavender 'Munstead'

Look for: Irregular holes chewed into young leaves and flower buds, often accompanied by slime trails.

What to do: Use slug pellets, beer traps, or hand-pick pests at night to protect new growth.

Affects Lavender 'Munstead' · Autumn

Look for: Semi-circular notches chewed into leaf margins during the day, with grubs damaging roots at night.

What to do: Apply nematodes to the soil in autumn or use biological controls like Steinernema feltiae.

Affects Lavender 'Munstead' · Autumn

Look for: Stems become soft, brown, and mushy after exposure to cold, wet weather without adequate drainage.

What to do: Avoid pruning in autumn in cold regions and ensure the plant is sited in a sheltered, well-drained spot.

Affects Lemon Balm

Look for: A white, dusty fungal growth appears on leaves and stems, often in humid conditions.

What to do: Improve air circulation by thinning dense growth and spray with a bicarbonate solution if needed.

Affects Lemon Balm · Winter

Look for: Stunted growth, yellowing leaves, and mushy roots due to waterlogged soil.

What to do: Ensure well-drained soil and avoid overwatering, especially during winter months.

Affects Lemon Balm

Look for: Leaves show stippling, yellowing, or silvering patches caused by sap-sucking insects.

What to do: Monitor regularly and use insecticidal soap or horticultural oil if infestations become severe.

Affects Lemon Balm

Look for: Irregular holes chewed into young leaves and silky slime trails on foliage.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or apply iron phosphate-based slug pellets around the base.

Affects Lemon Balm

Look for: Sudden wilting, yellowing, and death of stems despite adequate soil moisture.

What to do: Remove and destroy infected plants immediately; avoid replanting mint family members in the same spot.

Affects Lettuce

Look for: Premature flowering stalks emerging from the centre, causing leaves to turn bitter.

What to do: Sow successively in short rows and use shade cloth during hot spells to delay flowering.

Affects Lettuce

Look for: Yellow angular patches on upper leaf surfaces with fuzzy white mould on the underside.

What to do: Remove infected leaves promptly and choose resistant varieties for outdoor crops.

Affects Lettuce

Look for: Soft, watery rot covered in grey fuzzy spores, often starting at the base of the plant.

What to do: Ensure good air circulation and avoid wetting foliage when watering to reduce humidity.

Affects Lettuce

Look for: Stunted growth and distorted leaves caused by small white aphids feeding on roots.

What to do: Improve soil drainage and rotate crops annually to break the pest lifecycle.

Affects Lettuce

Look for: Irregular holes chewed in leaves and silky trails left across foliage and soil.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or apply iron phosphate pellets to control populations.

Affects Lily of the Valley

Look for: Leaves and flower stems collapse with a fuzzy grey fungal growth, particularly in damp conditions.

What to do: Improve air circulation around plants and remove affected material to reduce humidity.

Affects Lily of the Valley

Look for: Distinct dark or brown spots appear on the foliage, potentially causing leaves to yellow or die back.

What to do: Remove infected leaves and avoid overhead watering to keep foliage dry.

Affects Lily of the Valley · Winter

Look for: Plants fail to thrive or die back due to waterlogged, cold soil conditions over winter.

What to do: Ensure soil is moist but well-drained and avoid planting in heavy, water-logging clay.

Affects Lily of the Valley

Look for: Irregular holes chewed into young leaves and emerging shoots, often accompanied by slime trails.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or apply slug pellets sparingly around new growth.

Affects Lily of the Valley · Spring

Look for: Small green caterpillars feed on the leaves, causing notching or general defoliation.

What to do: Hand-pick caterpillars if numbers are low; severe infestations may require biological controls.

Affects Lupin

Look for: Stems and leaf stalks develop lesions with orange spores, causing twisting or corkscrewing of growth.

What to do: Remove affected plants immediately, avoid overhead watering, ensure good air circulation, and do not save seed from infected specimens.

Affects Lupin

Look for: Large greyish-white aphids form dense colonies on leaves and flower spikes, causing sticky honeydew and severe wilting.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds; tolerate minor infestations on established plants but remove heavily affected growth if necessary.

Affects Lupin

Look for: A white, dusty fungal growth appears on leaves and stems, particularly in dry but humid conditions.

What to do: Improve air circulation by spacing plants adequately and water at the base to keep foliage dry.

Affects Lupin · Winter

Look for: Plants wilt and collapse despite moist soil, often with yellowing leaves and blackened, mushy roots.

What to do: Ensure planting in well-drained soil and avoid waterlogging, especially during winter months.

Affects Lupin · Spring

Look for: Irregular holes chewed into new spring shoots and young leaves, often accompanied by slimy trails.

What to do: Use physical barriers such as copper tape or crushed eggshells around young plants, and hand-pick pests at night.

Affects Magnolia · Spring

Look for: Leaves become distorted, speckled, or browned due to sap-sucking insects.

What to do: Monitor for pests in spring and treat with insecticidal soap if populations are high.

Affects Magnolia

Look for: Distinctive orange-red fungal spots appear on branches, often causing bark to crack and die.

What to do: Prune out affected wood in dry weather and improve air circulation around the plant.

Affects Magnolia

Look for: Flowers and buds develop a fuzzy grey fungal growth, leading to rotting tissue.

What to do: Remove infected material immediately and ensure good air circulation to reduce humidity.

Affects Magnolia · Winter

Look for: Small, white, waxy scales cluster on stems and leaf undersides, often accompanied by sticky honeydew.

What to do: Scrape off heavy infestations or spray with horticultural oil during the dormant season.

Affects Magnolia

Look for: Leaves turn yellow or brown and wilt, with general decline due to waterlogged soil conditions.

What to do: Ensure well-drained soil and avoid overwatering; remove severely infected plants.

Affects Marigold

Affects Marigold

Look for: antibacterial thiophenes exuded by the roots

What to do: do not plant near legume crops

Affects Mint

Look for: inducing symptoms such as a rash

Affects Mint

What to do: plant in deep, bottomless containers or above ground in tubs and barrels

Affects Narcissus pseudonarcissus

Look for: Plants produce leaves but fail to flower, often due to overcrowding or insufficient light.

What to do: Lift and divide overcrowded clumps every three to four years and ensure they are planted in a sunny position.

Affects Narcissus pseudonarcissus

Look for: Leaves show yellow streaks or distortion, and plants exhibit a general lack of vigour and reduced flowering.

What to do: Buy virus-free stock from reputable suppliers and destroy any plants showing suspicious symptoms as there is no cure.

Affects Narcissus pseudonarcissus

Look for: Bulbs develop a soft, brown rot at the base with pinkish-white fungal growth, leading to premature yellowing of foliage.

What to do: Plant only firm, healthy bulbs in well-drained soil and lift clumps every few years to remove infected specimens.

Affects Narcissus pseudonarcissus

Look for: Foliage turns yellow and wilts prematurely while the bulb inside becomes hollowed out by larvae.

What to do: Dig up affected bulbs immediately for destruction and avoid planting in soil where infestations have occurred previously.

Affects Narcissus pseudonarcissus

Look for: Irregular holes are eaten in the emerging foliage and flower buds, particularly during damp weather.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or apply iron phosphate-based pellets to protect young shoots.

Affects Onion

Affects Onion

Affects Onion

Look for: rotting

Affects Oregano

Look for: plants can be killed by overly wet soils

What to do: add grit to the planting hole; grow in free-draining soil or compost

Affects Parsley

Look for: Clusters of small green or black insects on leaf undersides causing distorted, sticky growth.

What to do: Squash colonies by hand or spray with a strong jet of water; introduce ladybirds for biological control.

Affects Parsley · Spring

Look for: Roots become tunnelled with brown or black rotting channels, causing plants to wilt and die.

What to do: Use fine mesh netting as a physical barrier from April onwards and avoid planting near carrots.

Affects Parsley

Look for: White winding tunnels visible within the leaves, leading to yellowing and tissue death.

What to do: Remove and destroy heavily infested leaves immediately to break the life cycle.

Affects Parsley

Look for: Small brown or black spots appear on leaves, potentially enlarging and causing foliage to wither.

What to do: Improve air circulation, avoid wetting foliage when watering, and remove affected leaves.

Affects Parsley

Look for: Irregular holes chewed in leaves and silvery slime trails visible on foliage and soil.

What to do: Apply iron phosphate pellets or use beer traps and copper tape barriers to deter feeding.

Affects Pea

Affects Pea · Spring

Look for: May eat newly-sown seeds

Affects Pea

Affects Pea

Affects Pea

Affects Pea

Affects Pea

Affects Pea

Affects Pear

Look for: Clusters of small green or black insects suck sap from new growth, causing leaf curling.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds or use a strong jet of water to dislodge them.

Affects Pear · Autumn, Winter

Look for: Olive-green to black velvety spots develop on leaves, shoots, and fruit skin.

What to do: Rake up fallen leaves in autumn and apply lime sulphur spray in winter.

Affects Pear · Autumn, Winter

Look for: Blossoms wilt and turn brown, while fruit develops soft, brown rot with fungal spores.

What to do: Remove all fallen and mummified fruit to reduce overwintering spore sources.

Affects Pear

Look for: Shoots wilt suddenly, turning brown and curling into a characteristic shepherd's crook shape.

What to do: Prune out infected branches well below the visible damage during dry weather.

Affects Pear

Look for: New foliage shows raised pink or yellowish-green blisters that turn blackish-brown.

What to do: No control is necessary as damage is cosmetic and does not affect tree health.

Affects Pear

Look for: Bright orange spots appear on leaves and stems, often linked to nearby juniper hosts.

What to do: Remove infected junipers or prune out cankers; avoid fungicides to protect biodiversity.

Affects Penstemon

Look for: Clusters of small green or black insects on new growth causing distorted leaves.

What to do: Squash by hand, blast off with water, or use insecticidal soap for severe infestations.

Affects Penstemon

Look for: Fuzzy grey fungal growth on dying flowers, leaves, or stems in damp conditions.

What to do: Remove affected plant parts immediately and ensure good air circulation to reduce humidity.

Affects Penstemon

Look for: Distorted, stunted growth with swollen or misshapen buds and leaves.

What to do: Dig up and destroy infected plants; avoid replanting penstemons in the same soil.

Affects Penstemon

Look for: White powdery fungal growth on leaves and stems, potentially causing leaf distortion.

What to do: Improve air circulation and avoid wetting foliage; treat with a sulphur-based fungicide if necessary.

Affects Penstemon

Look for: Irregular holes chewed in leaves and stems, often accompanied by silky trails.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or apply iron phosphate pellets around the base.

Affects Peony · Spring

Look for: Ants are seen crawling over flower buds, often feeding on nectar secretions rather than damaging the plant.

What to do: Leave them alone as they are generally harmless and may help deter aphids; remove only if aesthetically undesirable.

Affects Peony

Look for: Foliage collapses and turns brown, while flower buds hang down and fail to open, often showing grey mould in wet weather.

What to do: Remove and burn infected material promptly to reduce spores, and ensure good air circulation around plants.

Affects Peony

Look for: A white, dusty fungal growth appears on leaves and stems, potentially causing distortion or yellowing.

What to do: Improve air circulation, avoid overhead watering, and apply a suitable fungicide if infection is severe.

Affects Peony · Autumn

Look for: Plants appear stunted with yellowing foliage and general decline due to waterlogged soil conditions.

What to do: Ensure well-drained soil and avoid planting too deeply; lift and divide congested clumps in autumn.

Affects Peony

Look for: Irregular holes chewed into emerging shoots and leaves, often accompanied by silky trails and slime.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or apply iron phosphate-based pellets around the base of plants.

Affects Plantago major

Look for: Clusters of small green or black insects on stems and leaves causing sticky residue.

What to do: Squash by hand or spray with a strong jet of water; use insecticidal soap if severe.

Affects Plantago major

Look for: Yellowing patches on upper leaf surfaces with fuzzy grey growth underneath.

What to do: Remove affected leaves and avoid overhead watering to keep foliage dry.

Affects Plantago major

Look for: White, powdery fungal growth on the surface of leaves and stems.

What to do: Improve air circulation and apply a fungicide labelled for use on ornamentals if necessary.

Affects Plantago major

Look for: Fine webbing on foliage and stippled, yellowing leaves during hot, dry weather.

What to do: Increase humidity by watering regularly and spray with horticultural oil or water jet.

Affects Plantago major

Look for: Irregular holes chewed in young leaves and silvery slime trails on the ground.

What to do: Use beer traps, copper tape barriers, or iron phosphate-based pellets to control populations.

Affects Poppy

Look for: Clusters of small soft-bodied insects on new growth causing leaf curling and sticky honeydew.

What to do: Squash by hand or spray with a strong jet of water; use insecticidal soap if infestations are severe.

Affects Poppy

Look for: Yellowing patches on upper leaf surfaces with fuzzy grey-purple growth underneath in damp conditions.

What to do: Remove affected foliage immediately and ensure good drainage to reduce humidity around the plant base.

Affects Poppy

Look for: White powdery fungal growth on leaves and stems, potentially causing distortion and reduced vigor.

What to do: Improve air circulation and avoid overhead watering; treat with a fungicide if necessary.

Affects Poppy

Look for: Irregular holes chewed in leaves and silvery slime trails on foliage and stems, especially after rain.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or eggshells, or apply iron phosphate-based slug pellets.

Affects Poppy

Look for: Sudden wilting, yellowing, and browning of leaves on one side of the plant despite adequate moisture.

What to do: Remove and destroy infected plants; avoid replanting poppies or related species in the same soil.

Affects Poppy

Look for: Notched edges on leaves above ground and root damage below, leading to plant collapse.

What to do: Check roots when planting and use nematode treatments in the soil during warm months.

Affects Pot Marigold

Look for: Clusters of small green or black insects on new growth and flower buds, often accompanied by sticky honeydew.

What to do: Squash infestations by hand or spray with a strong jet of water; use insecticidal soap for severe cases.

Affects Pot Marigold

Look for: Mottled or distorted leaves and stunted growth, often transmitted by aphids.

What to do: Remove and destroy infected plants immediately to prevent spread; control aphid populations.

Affects Pot Marigold · Summer

Look for: Flowering dwindles and plants appear wilted or 'sulky' during hot, dry summer spells.

What to do: Provide afternoon shade in hot areas and cut back severely to encourage fresh growth when cool.

Affects Pot Marigold

Look for: A white, dusty fungal growth appears on leaves and stems, potentially causing yellowing and distortion.

What to do: Improve air circulation, avoid overhead watering, and apply a fungicide if the infection is severe.

Affects Pot Marigold

Look for: Irregular holes chewed in leaves and flowers, with slimy trails visible on foliage and soil.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or eggshells, or apply slug pellets sparingly around the base.

Affects Potato

Look for: crop failures, plant disease

Affects Primrose

Look for: Clusters of small green or black insects on new growth and flower stems, often leaving sticky honeydew.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds or blast off with a strong jet of water.

Affects Primrose

Look for: A white, dusty fungal growth covering the surface of leaves and stems.

What to do: Improve air circulation around plants and avoid overhead watering to keep foliage dry.

Affects Primrose

Look for: Clusters of tiny, cup-like orange or brown spore structures appear on the undersides of leaves.

What to do: Remove and destroy infected leaves immediately to prevent spread; avoid using fungicides to protect biodiversity.

Affects Primrose

Look for: Irregular holes chewed in leaves and flowers, often accompanied by silky trails and slimy residue.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or crushed eggshells, and hand-pick pests at night.

Affects Primrose · Summer, Autumn

Look for: Notched edges on leaves above ground and wilting plants due to larvae feeding on roots underground.

What to do: Apply biological nematodes (Steinernema carpocapsae) to the soil in late summer or autumn.

Affects Privet

Look for: General decline, wilting, and dieback of branches often accompanied by white fungal growth at the base.

What to do: Improve drainage and avoid planting in soil previously infected; remove severely affected plants.

Affects Privet · Autumn

Look for: Small, circular brown or black spots appear on foliage, sometimes causing premature leaf drop.

What to do: Improve air circulation by thinning dense growth and clear fallen leaves to reduce spore load.

Affects Privet

Look for: Winding, blotchy white trails visible within the leaf tissue as larvae feed inside.

What to do: Prune out heavily infested leaves; damage is usually cosmetic and rarely harms established plants.

Affects Privet · Spring, Summer

Look for: Leaves yellow and curl in spring and early summer due to sap-sucking activity.

What to do: Tolerate minor damage as natural predators usually control populations by mid-summer.

Affects Privet · Spring

Look for: Small, immobile bumps on stems and leaves causing yellowing and sticky honeydew residue.

What to do: Scrape off small infestations or use horticultural oil sprays in early spring before they hatch.

Affects Privet

Look for: Sudden wilting and browning of leaves on one side of the plant or individual branches.

What to do: Remove and burn infected material to prevent spread; avoid replanting privet in the same spot.

Affects Prunus laurocerasus · Autumn

Look for: Small lesions on leaves where the centre dies and falls out, creating a characteristic 'shot-hole' appearance.

What to do: Prune to improve air circulation and avoid wetting foliage when watering.

Affects Prunus laurocerasus · Spring, Autumn, Winter

Look for: Small dark spots on leaves that may enlarge, causing yellowing and premature leaf drop.

What to do: Remove and dispose of heavily infected fallen leaves to reduce overwintering spores.

Affects Prunus laurocerasus

Look for: Winding white or brown trails visible within the leaf tissue as larvae feed inside.

What to do: Remove severely infested leaves; natural predators usually keep populations in check.

Affects Prunus laurocerasus

Look for: White powdery fungal growth on leaves that later turns brown, causing tissue to drop out and leaving irregular holes.

What to do: Improve air circulation by thinning dense hedges and avoid overhead watering to keep foliage dry.

Affects Prunus laurocerasus · Autumn

Look for: Notches chewed into leaf margins during the day, with grubs damaging roots in the soil at night.

What to do: Apply nematodes to the soil in autumn or use insecticidal drenches to control root-feeding larvae.

Affects Prunus spinosa

Look for: Clusters of small soft-bodied insects on new growth causing leaf curling and sticky honeydew.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds or use a strong jet of water to dislodge them.

Affects Prunus spinosa

Look for: Flowers turn brown and shrivel prematurely without opening fully, often accompanied by blackening of buds.

What to do: Improve air circulation and avoid wetting foliage when watering to reduce fungal pressure.

Affects Prunus spinosa · Spring

Look for: Flower buds are stripped from branches in early spring, leaving bare stems before flowering.

What to do: Erect netting or bird deterrents around the shrub during the budding stage.

Affects Prunus spinosa

Look for: Irregular holes chewed into leaves by various moth larvae feeding on foliage.

What to do: Monitor for webbing or frass and remove affected branches if infestation is severe.

Affects Prunus spinosa · Spring, Summer, Winter

Look for: Leaves develop a silvery sheen and shoots may die back, often following winter pruning wounds.

What to do: Prune only in mid-summer to allow wounds to heal before fungal spores are active.

Affects Pumpkin

Look for: Soft, watery rot covered in fuzzy grey-brown spores develops on stems, leaves, and developing fruits.

What to do: Ensure good ventilation, remove affected plant parts immediately, and avoid overcrowding to reduce humidity.

Affects Pumpkin

Look for: Young fruitlets swell slightly at the stalk end then shrivel, turn brown, and drop off before maturing.

What to do: Hand-pollinate female flowers using a male flower or cotton bud, especially during cool, wet weather or low pollinator activity.

Affects Pumpkin

Look for: White, dusty fungal growth appears on leaves and stems, eventually causing yellowing and premature leaf drop.

What to do: Improve air circulation, avoid wetting foliage when watering, and apply a copper-based fungicide or biological control if severe.

Affects Pumpkin

Look for: Irregular holes chewed in leaves and young shoots, often accompanied by silvery slime trails on the soil.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or crushed eggshells, and set out beer traps or iron phosphate baits at night.

Affects Pumpkin · Spring, Autumn

Look for: Notched edges on leaves at night and wilting plants due to larvae feeding on roots in the soil.

What to do: Apply nematode-based biological controls to the soil in autumn and spring, or use insecticidal drenches.

Affects Raspberry

Look for: eats the fruit

Affects Red Campion · Spring

Look for: Irregular holes in leaves and seedlings may be eaten down to the ground at night.

What to do: Use beer traps, copper tape, or hand-pick at dusk; keep areas weed-free to reduce habitat.

Affects Red Campion

Look for: Flowers turn black and powdery as the fungus replaces floral tissues with spores.

What to do: Remove and dispose of infected flower heads to prevent spread, though damage is usually minor.

Affects Red Campion · Autumn

Look for: Notched leaf margins on young plants and wilting caused by root damage from grubs.

What to do: Check roots when buying potted plants and apply biological nematodes to soil in autumn.

Affects Red Campion

Look for: Yellowing leaves, stunted growth, and eventual plant collapse due to root rot.

What to do: Plant in well-drained soil and avoid heavy clay sites without improving drainage first.

Affects Rhododendron

Look for: Developing flower buds turn brown and die before opening, often linked to leafhopper egg-laying wounds.

What to do: Remove and destroy infected buds promptly if practical; encourage natural enemies of the rhododendron leafhopper.

Affects Rhododendron

Look for: Foliage turns brown and dies back, with lesions forming under the bark causing dark discolouration.

What to do: Ensure excellent drainage in acidic soil and avoid waterlogging to prevent infection by waterborne spores.

Affects Rhododendron

Look for: White powdery fungal growth appears on leaves, buds, petals, and shoots, potentially causing distortion.

What to do: Improve air circulation and avoid overhead watering; tolerate mild infections as removal causes severe defoliation.

Affects Rhododendron

Look for: Creamy white nymphs or bluish-green adults are seen on leaves, leaving cast skins on the undersides.

What to do: Tolerate presence as feeding causes little damage; control is rarely needed unless bud blast is severe.

Affects Rhododendron

Look for: Leaves develop a silvery sheen on the underside, often with fungal fruiting bodies at the base of stems.

What to do: Prune out and burn affected branches well below the visible symptoms to prevent spread.

Affects Rosa canina

Look for: Clusters of small soft-bodied insects on new shoots and buds, causing curling leaves.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds or blast off with a strong jet of water.

Affects Rosa canina · Autumn

Look for: Purplish-black patches appear on leaves, causing yellowing and premature leaf drop.

What to do: Remove fallen leaves in autumn and prune to improve air circulation around the plant.

Affects Rosa canina

Look for: White, powdery fungal growth covers leaves and stems, often causing distortion.

What to do: Plant in full sun with good airflow and avoid overhead watering to keep foliage dry.

Affects Rosa canina

Look for: New plants struggle to establish, showing poor growth and root rot compared to unaffected specimens.

What to do: Avoid planting roses where roses previously grew; swap soil or move the plant to a new site.

Affects Rosa canina

Look for: Orange or yellow pustules form on the undersides of leaves, leading to leaf drop.

What to do: Remove and dispose of infected leaves immediately to prevent spore spread.

Affects Rose · Autumn

Look for: Rapidly enlarging black patches with radiating strands appear on leaves, causing yellowing and premature leaf drop.

What to do: Improve air circulation, remove fallen leaves in autumn, and select resistant cultivars to reduce infection pressure.

Affects Rose

Look for: A white, dusty fungal growth covers young leaves and shoots, often causing distortion and purpling of the foliage.

What to do: Plant in sunny, well-ventilated positions and prune out affected growth as soon as it is detected.

Affects Rose · Spring

Look for: Newly planted roses struggle to establish, show poor growth, and may have rotten fine roots compared to plants in fresh soil.

What to do: Avoid planting roses in soil previously occupied by roses; swap with fresh soil or move the plant to a new site.

Affects Rose · Spring, Autumn, Winter

Look for: Bright orange pustules of spores appear on stems and leaves, particularly noticeable in spring around buds.

What to do: Prune out spring infections immediately and collect fallen leaves in autumn to destroy overwintering spores.

Affects Rose

Look for: Individual shoots or branches wither and die back, often triggered by weather damage, poor care, or fungal entry.

What to do: Prune affected wood back to healthy tissue during dry weather and disinfect tools between cuts.

Affects Rose

Look for: Irregular holes are eaten in young leaves and buds, often accompanied by silky trails and slimy residue.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or crushed eggshells, and hand-pick pests at night.

Affects Rosebay Willowherb

Look for: Dense colonies of seedlings spread rapidly across the garden via wind-dispersed seeds.

What to do: Deadhead flowers before seed heads form or cut back plants after flowering.

Affects Rosebay Willowherb

Look for: White, dusty fungal growth appears on leaves and stems in humid conditions.

What to do: Improve air circulation and water at the base to keep foliage dry; remove affected parts.

Affects Rosebay Willowherb

Look for: Orange or brown pustules develop on the undersides of leaves, causing yellowing.

What to do: Remove infected leaves promptly and avoid overhead watering to reduce humidity.

Affects Rosebay Willowherb

Look for: Irregular holes chewed in young leaves and stems, often accompanied by silky trails.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or organic pellets to protect emerging growth.

Affects Rosemary

Look for: Plant declines rapidly with wilting foliage and white fungal growth at the base of the stem.

What to do: Remove infected plants and surrounding soil; avoid replanting in the same spot for several years.

Affects Rosemary

Look for: White, dusty fungal growth appears on leaves and stems, often in humid conditions.

What to do: Improve air circulation and spray with a fungicide if severe; avoid wetting foliage.

Affects Rosemary

Look for: Leaves turn yellow and drop, and the plant wilts despite moist soil due to waterlogged roots.

What to do: Ensure well-drained soil and avoid overwatering; do not plant in heavy clay without amendment.

Affects Rosemary

Look for: Small yellow larvae with black heads skeletonise leaves, leaving only the veins.

What to do: Hand-pick beetles and larvae or use a biological control like nematodes.

Affects Rosemary · Winter

Look for: Small, immobile, bump-like pests cluster on stems and undersides of leaves, causing yellowing.

What to do: Scrape off scales manually or treat with horticultural oil during the dormant season.

Affects Rowan

Look for: Clusters of small soft-bodied insects gather on new growth, causing leaf distortion and sticky honeydew.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds or blast off infestations with a strong jet of water.

Affects Rowan

Look for: Sunken, discoloured lesions appear on stems and branches, often oozing sap or producing fungal spores.

What to do: Cut out affected areas with a sharp knife down to healthy wood and seal the wound with pruning paint.

Affects Rowan

Look for: Shoots and branches suddenly wilt, turn black, and curve into a shepherd's crook shape.

What to do: Prune out infected wood well below the visible symptoms during dry weather, disinfecting tools between cuts.

Affects Rowan · Spring

Look for: White fungal threads appear at the base of the tree, accompanied by wilting foliage and eventual decline.

What to do: Improve drainage and soil aeration; severe cases may require removal of the infected plant.

Affects Rowan · Spring

Look for: Leaves develop raised, blister-like patches that may turn brown and cause premature leaf drop.

What to do: Apply an appropriate miticide in early spring before bud burst if infestations are severe.

Affects Rowan

Look for: Wood beneath the bark takes on a silvery sheen, leading to dieback of branches and poor growth.

What to do: Prune out infected branches immediately and burn them; avoid planting susceptible species near infected trees.

Affects Rudbeckia

Look for: Clusters of small green or black insects on new shoots, causing sticky honeydew.

What to do: Squash by hand, blast with water, or use insecticidal soap for heavy infestations.

Affects Rudbeckia

Look for: Distorted, swollen leaves and buds that fail to open properly.

What to do: Remove and burn affected plant parts immediately to prevent spread.

Affects Rudbeckia

Look for: White, dusty fungal growth appears on leaves and stems, often causing distortion.

What to do: Ensure good air circulation, water at the base, and apply a fungicide if severe.

Affects Rudbeckia

Look for: Irregular holes in young leaves and silvery slime trails on foliage and stems.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or organic pellets to protect young growth.

Affects Rudbeckia · Summer

Look for: Tall varieties flop over or break in wind due to heavy flower heads.

What to do: Support with stakes or use the Chelsea chop pruning technique in early summer.

Affects Runner Bean

Look for: Pecked or missing flowers and young pods, particularly noticeable in varieties with brightly coloured blooms.

What to do: Net the plants once flowering begins or switch to a variety with different flower colours to deter birds.

Affects Runner Bean

Look for: Dense colonies of small black insects cluster on stems, leaves, and growing tips, causing distortion and stunted growth.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds or use a strong jet of water to dislodge them; avoid spraying when flowers are open.

Affects Runner Bean

Look for: Plants produce abundant flowers but few or no beans, often dropping petals without forming fruit.

What to do: Ensure consistent watering during dry spells and plant in a sheltered site to encourage bee pollination.

Affects Runner Bean

Look for: Pale spots on upper leaves develop into brown or black pustules on the undersides, causing leaves to shrivel and die.

What to do: Thin out dense growth to improve air circulation and reduce humidity around the foliage.

Affects Runner Bean

Look for: Irregular holes chewed in young leaves and seedlings, often accompanied by silvery slime trails.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or beer traps, and apply iron phosphate-based pellets if necessary.

Affects Sage · Winter

Look for: can be killed by a cold wet winter, especially if the soil is not well drained

Affects Salvia nemorosa

Look for: Clusters of small soft-bodied insects on new growth, causing sticky honeydew and curled leaves.

What to do: Spray off with a strong jet of water or introduce natural predators like ladybirds.

Affects Salvia nemorosa

Look for: A white, dusty fungal growth appears on leaves and stems, potentially causing distortion.

What to do: Ensure good air circulation and apply a fungicide if severe; resistant cultivars are preferred.

Affects Salvia nemorosa

Look for: Plants wilt and decline despite moist soil due to waterlogged, heavy conditions.

What to do: Plant in well-drained soil and avoid overwatering; improve drainage with grit if necessary.

Affects Salvia nemorosa

Look for: Irregular holes chewed into young leaves and stems, often accompanied by slimy trails.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or apply iron phosphate-based pellets around plants.

Affects Salvia nemorosa · Autumn

Look for: Notched leaf margins above ground and root damage below, leading to wilting or collapse.

What to do: Check roots when buying potted plants and use biological nematodes in soil during autumn.

Affects Snapdragon

Look for: Targets leaves and stem causing yellow with a brownish border to the infected spot.

What to do: Destroy infected plants and space existing ones farther apart.

Affects Snapdragon

Look for: Target and consume terminal growth and underside of leaves, causing a darkened or spotted appearance on the leaves.

Affects Snapdragon

Look for: Causes wilting of flower spikes, light browning of stem below cluster of flowers, quick localized drying and browning in flower, leaves, and shoots.

What to do: Cut off infected stock and clear surrounding area.

Affects Snapdragon

Look for: Causes small lesions in shoots and flower buds, removes pollen from anther.

What to do: Managed with predatory mite Neoseiulus.

Affects Snapdragon

Look for: Causes wilting if plant is receiving adequate water.

Affects Snapdragon

Look for: Light-green circles on stem or underside of leaves that turn brown and form pustules, causes premature blooming, smaller flowers, and earlier decomposition.

Affects Snapdragon

Look for: Cottony growth on stem near soil, suggests destroying infected plant.

Affects Snowdrop

Look for: Bulbs become soft, mushy, and discoloured, often failing to produce healthy growth.

What to do: Plant in well-drained soil and avoid waterlogging to prevent fungal infection.

Affects Snowdrop · Spring

Look for: Leaves turn yellow and wither prematurely while the bulb rots inside.

What to do: Apply a granular insecticide to the soil in early spring or lift bulbs to check for larvae.

Affects Snowdrop

Look for: Irregular holes chewed into emerging leaves and flower stems, often accompanied by slime trails.

What to do: Use slug pellets, beer traps, or hand-pick pests at night to protect young foliage.

Affects Snowdrop

Look for: Fuzzy grey mould appears on shoots and leaves, potentially spreading down to the bulb.

What to do: Remove infected material promptly and ensure good air circulation around plants.

Affects Snowdrop · Autumn

Look for: Notched edges on leaves above ground and root damage causing plant collapse below.

What to do: Apply a systemic insecticide drench in autumn or use nematodes to control larvae in the soil.

Affects Stonecrop

Look for: White powdery fungal growth appears on leaves, often in humid or crowded conditions.

What to do: Improve air circulation and spray with a sulphur-based fungicide if severe.

Affects Stonecrop · Winter

Look for: Stems become soft, mushy and discoloured due to waterlogged soil conditions.

What to do: Ensure excellent drainage with gritty compost and avoid overwatering during winter.

Affects Stonecrop

Look for: Irregular holes chewed into soft new growth and fleshy leaves.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or apply iron phosphate pellets around the base.

Affects Stonecrop · Summer

Look for: Plant wilts and collapses due to roots being eaten away, especially in containers.

What to do: Apply nematodes to moist soil in late summer or use systemic insecticides preventatively.

Affects Strawberry

Look for: various, including moths, fruit flies, chafers, strawberry root weevils, strawberry thrips, strawberry sap beetles, strawberry crown moth, mites, aphids, slugs, powdery mildew, leaf spot, leaf blight, slime molds, red stele, verticillium wilt, black root rot, nematodes

Affects Strawberry 'Cambridge Favourite'

Affects Strawberry 'Cambridge Favourite'

Affects Strawberry 'Cambridge Favourite' · Spring

Look for: Fruit may be susceptible

Affects Strawberry 'Cambridge Favourite'

Affects Strawberry 'Cambridge Favourite'

Affects Strawberry 'Cambridge Favourite'

Affects Strawberry 'Cambridge Favourite'

Affects Strawberry 'Hapil'

Affects Strawberry 'Hapil'

Affects Strawberry 'Hapil'

Look for: Fruit prone to grey moulds

Affects Strawberry 'Hapil'

Affects Strawberry 'Hapil'

Affects Strawberry 'Hapil'

Affects Strawberry 'Hapil'

Affects Strawberry 'Hapil'

Affects Strawberry 'Honeoye'

Affects Strawberry 'Honeoye'

Affects Strawberry 'Honeoye'

Look for: Fruit prone to grey moulds

Affects Strawberry 'Honeoye'

Affects Strawberry 'Honeoye'

Affects Strawberry 'Honeoye'

Affects Strawberry 'Honeoye'

Affects Strawberry 'Honeoye'

Affects Strawberry 'Pegasus'

Look for: Clusters of small green or black insects on new growth, causing distorted leaves.

What to do: Squash by hand, blast with water, or use insecticidal soap for severe infestations.

Affects Strawberry 'Pegasus'

Look for: Fruit becomes soft, brown, and covered in fuzzy grey spores.

What to do: Improve air circulation, avoid overhead watering, and remove affected fruit promptly.

Affects Strawberry 'Pegasus'

Look for: Plants wilt and yellow despite moist soil, often due to waterlogged conditions.

What to do: Ensure well-drained soil and avoid overwatering; remove severely affected plants.

Affects Strawberry 'Pegasus'

Look for: Irregular holes in leaves and fruit, with slimy trails visible on foliage.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or beer traps, and hand-pick at night.

Affects Strawberry 'Pegasus' · Spring, Autumn

Look for: Notched leaf margins during the day and root damage causing plant collapse at night.

What to do: Apply biological nematodes to the soil in spring and autumn to control larvae.

Affects Strawberry 'Rhapsody'

Affects Strawberry 'Rhapsody'

Affects Strawberry 'Rhapsody'

Look for: Fruit prone to grey moulds

Affects Strawberry 'Rhapsody'

Affects Strawberry 'Rhapsody'

Affects Strawberry 'Rhapsody'

Affects Strawberry 'Rhapsody'

Affects Strawberry 'Symphony'

Look for: Clusters of small soft-bodied insects on new growth, causing leaf curling and sticky honeydew.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds or spray with a strong jet of water.

Affects Strawberry 'Symphony'

Look for: Fruits develop a fuzzy grey-brown mould and rot, often starting from damaged areas.

What to do: Improve air circulation, avoid overhead watering, and remove affected fruit promptly.

Affects Strawberry 'Symphony'

Look for: White powdery fungal growth on leaves, leading to distortion and premature leaf drop.

What to do: Ensure good air circulation and apply sulphur-based fungicides at first sign of infection.

Affects Strawberry 'Symphony'

Look for: Plants wilt and decline despite moist soil, with dark, mushy roots upon inspection.

What to do: Plant in well-drained soil and avoid waterlogging to prevent fungal buildup.

Affects Strawberry 'Symphony'

Look for: Irregular holes in leaves and fruits, with slimy trails visible on plants.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or apply iron phosphate pellets around the base.

Affects Strawberry 'Symphony'

Look for: Notched leaf margins on young plants and wilting due to root damage underground.

What to do: Apply nematode treatments in warm soil or use biological controls like Steinernema carpocapsae.

Affects Strawberry Tree

Look for: Clusters of small soft-bodied insects suck sap from new growth, causing curling.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds or blast off with a strong jet of water.

Affects Strawberry Tree · Autumn

Look for: Small circular spots with whitish centres appear on both upper and lower leaf surfaces.

What to do: Remove and destroy affected leaves and fallen debris to reduce fungal spores.

Affects Strawberry Tree · Winter

Look for: Young shoots and leaves turn black or brown after severe cold spells.

What to do: Plant in a sheltered, south-facing position and protect young plants in winter.

Affects Strawberry Tree

Look for: Larger, irregular brown spots develop on foliage, potentially causing leaf loss.

What to do: Improve air circulation and remove infected material; avoid wetting foliage when watering.

Affects Strawberry Tree

Look for: Small, immobile, bump-like pests cluster on stems and undersides of leaves.

What to do: Scrape off heavy infestations manually or use horticultural oil during dormancy.

Affects Sunflower

Look for: parasitize the roots of various other plants, including sunflowers

Affects Sunflower

Look for: susceptible to downy mildew due to shallow planting in moist soil

Affects Sunflower

Look for: causes an increasing amount of damage and loss of sunflower crops

Affects Sweet Chestnut

Look for: Orange cankers on stems with bright orange pustules, causing foliage to wilt and die.

What to do: Report suspected cases immediately to the relevant plant health authority as it is a notifiable disease.

Affects Sweet Chestnut

Look for: White fungal growth at the base of the tree with darkening leaves and eventual decline.

What to do: Improve drainage and remove infected roots; avoid replanting in contaminated soil for several years.

Affects Sweet Chestnut · Autumn

Look for: Small brown or black spots appear on leaves, potentially causing premature leaf drop.

What to do: Rake up fallen leaves to reduce spore load and ensure good air circulation around the tree.

Affects Sweet Chestnut

Look for: Green to red galls distort leaves and growth buds, reducing nut production.

What to do: Report sightings via TreeAlert; biological control using parasitic wasps is the primary management strategy.

Affects Sweet Chestnut

Look for: General decline, yellowing leaves, and dieback caused by waterlogged soil conditions.

What to do: Ensure well-drained soil and avoid planting in heavy clay or areas prone to waterlogging.

Affects Sweet Pea

Look for: suck the sap out of the plants, reducing growth

Affects Sweet Pea

Affects Sweet Pea

Look for: yellowing of leaves, distortion of new shoots, and inhibited flowering

Affects Sweet Pea

Look for: eats the pollen and disfigures the flowers

Affects Sweet Pea

Look for: white powdery coating that covers the leaves and slows down growth

Affects Sweet Pea

Affects Sweet Pea

Affects Symphytum officinale

Look for: Small brown or black spots develop on foliage, often following wet weather, leading to premature leaf drop.

What to do: Remove affected leaves to reduce spore load and avoid overhead watering to keep foliage dry.

Affects Symphytum officinale

Look for: A white, dusty fungal growth appears on the upper surfaces of leaves, potentially causing distortion.

What to do: Improve air circulation by thinning dense clumps and spray with a potassium bicarbonate solution if severe.

Affects Symphytum officinale

Look for: The plant wilts and declines despite adequate moisture, with roots appearing soft, dark, and mushy.

What to do: Ensure soil is well-drained and avoid waterlogging; lift and divide congested clumps to improve aeration.

Affects Symphytum officinale

Look for: Irregular holes are eaten into the large, soft leaves, particularly on young growth during damp weather.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or eggshells, and apply organic slug pellets or hand-pick at night.

Affects Symphytum officinale

Look for: The plant spreads aggressively via fleshy rhizomes, becoming a nuisance and overtaking neighbouring garden areas.

What to do: Plant in containers or install deep root barriers to contain spread, and divide roots regularly to control size.

Affects Tarragon

Look for: Stems become soft and mushy at the base, often with white fungal threads visible.

What to do: Improve drainage and remove infected plants; avoid replanting in the same spot for several years.

Affects Tarragon

Look for: A white, dusty fungal coating appears on leaves during hot, dry but humid periods.

What to do: Ensure good air circulation and avoid overhead watering; remove severely affected leaves.

Affects Tarragon

Look for: Foliage turns yellow and wilts despite moist soil, indicating waterlogged roots.

What to do: Ensure well-drained soil or containers with drainage holes to prevent waterlogging.

Affects Tarragon

Look for: Irregular holes chewed into young leaves and seedlings, often with slime trails.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or organic slug pellets to protect young growth.

Affects Tarragon · Winter

Look for: French tarragon foliage dies back completely or stems rot in cold, wet UK winters.

What to do: Grow French tarragon in a container and move to a sheltered, frost-free location over winter.

Affects Thyme

Look for: Seedlings collapse and rot at the base due to fungal infection in damp conditions.

What to do: Use free-draining seed compost, avoid overwatering, and ensure good air circulation.

Affects Thyme

Look for: A white, dusty fungal growth appears on leaves and stems, often in humid conditions.

What to do: Ensure good air circulation by pruning and avoid wetting foliage when watering.

Affects Thyme

Look for: Foliage turns yellow or brown and wilts despite moist soil due to waterlogged roots.

What to do: Plant in well-drained soil and avoid heavy mulching around the crown.

Affects Thyme

Look for: Irregular holes chewed into young shoots and leaves, with slimy trails visible.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or organic slug pellets around new plants.

Affects Thyme · Winter

Look for: Stems turn brown and brittle during wet, cold winters due to poor drainage.

What to do: Site in full sun with excellent drainage and avoid planting in heavy clay soils.

Affects Thyme 'Silver Queen'

Look for: Seedlings collapse and rot at the base due to fungal infection in damp conditions.

What to do: Use free-draining seed compost, avoid overwatering, and ensure good air circulation.

Affects Thyme 'Silver Queen'

Look for: A white, powdery fungal growth appears on leaves and stems, often in humid conditions.

What to do: Ensure full sun exposure and good air circulation; prune to open up the plant structure.

Affects Thyme 'Silver Queen'

Look for: Leaves turn yellow or brown and wilt despite moist soil, indicating waterlogged roots.

What to do: Plant in well-drained, alkaline to neutral soil and avoid overwatering once established.

Affects Thyme 'Silver Queen'

Look for: Irregular holes chewed into young leaves and seedlings, often with slimy trails.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or organic slug pellets to protect young plants.

Affects Thyme 'Silver Queen' · Winter

Look for: Stems become soft, brown, or mushy during wet winters due to poor drainage.

What to do: Ensure excellent drainage and avoid planting in heavy clay soils without amendment.

Affects Tilia cordata

Look for: Clusters of small green insects on new growth and leaf undersides, secreting sticky honeydew that can drip onto surfaces below.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds and lacewings, or wash off infestations with a strong jet of water.

Affects Tilia cordata · Spring

Look for: White fungal threads may appear at the base of the trunk, accompanied by wilting leaves and eventual death of branches.

What to do: Improve drainage and avoid wounding the roots; severe infections may require professional arboricultural advice.

Affects Tilia cordata · Winter

Look for: Small, immobile, shield-like insects attach to stems and branches, weakening the tree through sap feeding.

What to do: Scrape off visible scales by hand or apply a horticultural oil spray in winter when pests are dormant.

Affects Tilia cordata · Spring, Summer

Look for: Pale yellow or red pointed tubular structures up to 8mm long appear on the upper leaf surfaces between May and June.

What to do: No treatment is necessary as these galls are cosmetic and do not affect the tree's health or vigour.

Affects Tilia cordata

Look for: General decline in vigour, wilting foliage, and dieback of branches, often associated with waterlogged soil conditions.

What to do: Ensure the tree is planted in moist but well-drained soil to prevent waterlogging which favours the pathogen.

Affects Tilia cordata

Look for: A black, powdery fungal growth coats the leaves and branches, often developing on honeydew secreted by aphids.

What to do: Control the underlying aphid infestation to remove the food source for the mould, which will then gradually wash away.

Affects Tilia platyphyllos

Look for: Clusters of black or green aphids on new shoots and leaves, often accompanied by sticky honeydew.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds; use a strong jet of water to dislodge severe infestations.

Affects Tilia platyphyllos · Autumn

Look for: Large areas of defoliation caused by green caterpillars with black stripes feeding on leaves.

What to do: Monitor for egg masses in autumn; biological controls like Bt are effective if infestations are severe.

Affects Tilia platyphyllos · Summer, Autumn, Winter

Look for: Orange or yellow pustules on the undersides of leaves, often appearing in late summer.

What to do: Remove and dispose of fallen leaves to reduce overwintering spores; ensure good air flow.

Affects Tilia platyphyllos · Spring

Look for: White, dusty fungal growth on leaves and shoots, potentially causing leaf distortion.

What to do: Improve air circulation; apply sulphur-based fungicides in spring if necessary.

Affects Tilia platyphyllos

Look for: Sudden wilting and yellowing of branches, often affecting one side of the tree.

What to do: No cure exists; remove severely affected trees to prevent spread and avoid replanting with susceptible species.

Affects Tomato

Look for: The base of the fruit turns dark brown, sunken, and leathery due to calcium deficiency.

What to do: Water regularly to maintain even soil moisture and ensure adequate calcium in the growing medium.

Affects Tomato

Look for: Tiny white flies swarm when disturbed; sticky honeydew on leaves promotes black sooty mould.

What to do: Use yellow sticky traps for monitoring and control populations with biological agents or approved insecticides.

Affects Tomato

Look for: Older leaves develop yellowing between the veins while the veins remain green.

What to do: Apply a high-potassium tomato feed containing magnesium or use Epsom salts solution.

Affects Tomato

Look for: Dark brown patches on leaves and stems, often with white fungal growth, leading to rapid collapse.

What to do: Improve air circulation, avoid wetting foliage, and remove infected plant parts immediately.

Affects Tomato

Look for: Yellowing leaves with a fuzzy, olive-green or greyish fungal growth on the undersides.

What to do: Ensure good ventilation, avoid overcrowding, and remove severely affected leaves to reduce humidity.

Affects Trifolium pratense

Look for: Small, dark brown spots with yellow halos develop on leaves, leading to premature defoliation.

What to do: Remove infected debris and improve air flow; fungicides are rarely needed for ornamental use.

Affects Trifolium pratense

Look for: Plants appear stunted with yellowing foliage and poor growth due to sap-sucking on roots.

What to do: Improve soil drainage and avoid excessive nitrogen fertiliser to reduce susceptibility.

Affects Trifolium pratense

Look for: General yellowing of older leaves or pale new growth indicating lack of nitrogen or phosphorus.

What to do: Test soil pH and apply a balanced, slow-release fertiliser if growth is poor.

Affects Trifolium pratense

Look for: White, powdery fungal growth appears on leaves and stems, often in humid weather.

What to do: Ensure good air circulation and avoid overhead watering to keep foliage dry.

Affects Trifolium pratense

Look for: Irregular holes chewed in leaves and seedlings damaged, particularly in damp conditions.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or apply iron phosphate pellets around young plants.

Affects Tulip

Look for: Variegated patterns in the tulip flowers

Affects Urtica dioica

Look for: Clusters of small green or black insects on stems and leaf undersides, causing curling and sticky residue.

What to do: Spray with a strong jet of water or apply insecticidal soap; encourage natural predators like ladybirds.

Affects Urtica dioica

Look for: Pale green or yellowing leaves and reduced vigor in plants growing in poor soil.

What to do: Apply a balanced organic fertilizer or compost to improve soil fertility and plant health.

Affects Urtica dioica

Look for: White, powdery fungal growth on leaves and stems, particularly in humid conditions.

What to do: Improve air circulation and avoid overhead watering; remove severely affected foliage.

Affects Urtica dioica

Look for: Yellowing, wilting leaves and stunted growth despite adequate moisture, indicating waterlogged soil.

What to do: Ensure well-drained soil conditions and avoid overwatering to prevent fungal attack on roots.

Affects Urtica dioica

Look for: Irregular holes chewed into young leaves and seedlings, often accompanied by silky trails.

What to do: Use beer traps, copper tape barriers, or hand-pick at night to protect tender new growth.

Affects Wild Cherry

Look for: Blossoms wilt and turn brown, while fruit becomes covered in grey mould and rots rapidly.

What to do: Remove all infected fruit and blossoms promptly to prevent spread, and net trees to reduce bird damage.

Affects Wild Cherry · Spring

Look for: New leaves at shoot tips become tightly curled and distorted by clusters of small black aphids.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds, or squash infested shoots by hand in spring.

Affects Wild Cherry · Autumn, Winter

Look for: Leaves turn brown, shrivel and hang on the tree in winter, or develop purple spots and drop prematurely.

What to do: Collect and destroy fallen leaves to reduce fungal spores for the following year.

Affects Wild Cherry · Spring

Look for: Leaves develop a distinctive silvery sheen on the underside and branches may die back.

What to do: Prune out and burn infected wood well below the visible symptoms to contain the fungus.

Affects Wild Cherry · Autumn

Look for: Young seedlings are chewed at the base, and fallen fruit is eaten before it can be harvested.

What to do: Use beer traps or iron phosphate pellets around the base of the tree to protect young growth.

Affects Wild Garlic

Look for: Yellowish patches appear on leaves with a fuzzy grey-green mould developing underneath.

What to do: Improve air circulation and remove infected foliage to reduce humidity around the plants.

Affects Wild Garlic

Look for: Dense carpets of foliage form, crowding out other plants and becoming difficult to control.

What to do: Install root barriers or regularly dig up new bulbils to restrict expansion into unwanted areas.

Affects Wild Garlic

Look for: Leaves turn yellow and wilt while bulbs become soft and covered in white fungal growth.

What to do: Remove affected plants immediately and avoid replanting alliums in that soil for many years.

Affects Wild Garlic · Spring

Look for: Irregular holes are eaten in young emerging leaves, often accompanied by slimy trails.

What to do: Use beer traps or iron phosphate pellets to protect tender new growth in spring.

Affects Wild Garlic

Look for: Notched edges on leaves above ground and wilting plants due to root damage below.

What to do: Check roots for grubs when planting and apply biological nematodes if infestation is found.

Affects Wild Service Tree

Look for: Clusters of small soft-bodied insects on new growth causing leaf curling and sticky honeydew.

What to do: Encourage natural predators like ladybirds or use a strong jet of water to dislodge them.

Affects Wild Service Tree

Look for: Sunken, discoloured lesions appear on branches and trunk, often oozing sap or causing bark to crack.

What to do: Cut out cankers with a sharp knife down to healthy wood and apply wound paint to prevent reinfection.

Affects Wild Service Tree

Look for: Shoots and branches suddenly wilt, turn black, and curl into a shepherd's crook shape.

What to do: Prune out infected wood well below the visible symptoms during dry weather, disinfecting tools between cuts.

Affects Wild Service Tree · Spring

Look for: General decline in vigour, dieback of branches, and white fungal growth under the bark at the base.

What to do: Improve drainage and avoid soil compaction; severe cases may require removal of the tree to prevent spread.

Affects Wild Service Tree · Spring, Winter

Look for: Leaves become puckered, thickened, and may turn reddish or brown as the season progresses.

What to do: Apply horticultural oil in late winter before bud burst to suppress overwintering eggs.

Affects Wild Service Tree

Look for: Leaves develop a distinctive silvery sheen on their undersides due to fungal infection.

What to do: Prune out infected branches and avoid wounding the bark, as the fungus enters through injuries.

Affects Wild Strawberry

Look for: Clusters of small soft-bodied insects on new growth, causing leaf curling and sticky honeydew.

What to do: Squash by hand or blast off with a strong jet of water; encourage natural predators like ladybirds.

Affects Wild Strawberry

Look for: Fruit becomes soft, brown and covered in fuzzy grey spores, especially in damp conditions.

What to do: Ensure good air circulation, avoid overhead watering and remove affected fruit promptly.

Affects Wild Strawberry

Look for: Plants wilt and decline despite moist soil, with roots appearing dark, mushy or dead.

What to do: Plant in well-drained soil and avoid waterlogging to prevent fungal infection.

Affects Wild Strawberry

Look for: Irregular holes in leaves and fruit, often accompanied by silky trails and slime.

What to do: Use physical barriers like copper tape or beer traps, and hand-pick at night.

Affects Wild Strawberry

Look for: Leaves show mottling, crinkling, yellow spotting or vein banding, leading to reduced vigour and yield.

What to do: Plant only certified virus-free stock and replace plants every two to three years.

Affects Willow · Spring, Autumn

Look for: Leaves develop brown spots and may drop prematurely, with sunken cankers appearing on stems in severe cases.

What to do: Prune out infected shoots promptly and rake up fallen leaves to reduce the source of fungal spores.

Affects Willow · Summer, Autumn

Look for: Dense colonies of greyish-black aphids form on the bark during summer and autumn, potentially causing sticky honeydew.

What to do: Usually harmless and part of garden biodiversity; tolerate unless infestation is severe, then use natural predators.

Affects Willow · Summer

Look for: Young willow rods or potted plants show notched leaf margins at night and root damage leading to wilting.

What to do: Apply nematodes to the soil in late summer or use physical barriers like sticky bands around pots.

Affects Willow · Autumn

Look for: Dusty orange, brown or black pustules appear on the upper leaf surface with small orange spots underneath.

What to do: Control is rarely needed as damage is minimal; remove fallen leaves in autumn to reduce resting spores.

Affects Willow

Look for: Dark, sunken lesions or cankers develop on the stems and branches, resembling black canker.

What to do: Maintain good garden hygiene by removing diseased growth and debris to prevent spread.

Affects Wisteria · Spring

Look for: serious dieback during cold snaps, sporadic blooming due to spring frosts

Affects Wisteria

Affects Wisteria 'Amethyst' · Spring, Summer, Autumn

Look for: Developing flower buds drop or fail to open due to adverse conditions.

What to do: Water adequately during July to September when buds form and protect from sharp spring frosts.

Affects Wisteria 'Amethyst' · Spring

Look for: The plant produces abundant foliage but fails to produce flower racemes.

What to do: Ensure full sun, apply sulphate of potash in spring, and prune twice yearly to encourage spurs.

Affects Wisteria 'Amethyst'

Look for: A white fungal growth appears on leaves, though it can be difficult to see on wisteria.

What to do: Improve air circulation by pruning and dispose of infected material promptly.

Affects Wisteria 'Amethyst'

Look for: Notched leaf margins and root damage causing wilting or poor growth in potted plants.

What to do: Use nematode treatments in soil or physical barriers to prevent adult beetles from laying eggs.

Affects Wisteria 'Amethyst'

Look for: Small, immobile insect scales attach to stems and leaves, potentially weakening the plant.

What to do: Scrape off visible scales and apply horticultural oil during dormancy if infestation is severe.

Affects Wisteria 'Prolific'

Look for: Sudden dieback of branches and white fungal growth under the bark at the base.

What to do: Remove infected roots and soil, and avoid replanting wisteria in the same spot for several years.

Affects Wisteria 'Prolific' · Spring, Summer

Look for: The plant produces vigorous vegetative growth but fails to produce flower buds or blooms.

What to do: Ensure full sun, apply sulphate of potash in spring, and prune twice yearly in July/August and Jan/Feb.

Affects Wisteria 'Prolific'

Look for: A white fungal growth appears on leaves, though it can be difficult to see on wisteria.

What to do: Improve air circulation by pruning and dispose of infected material promptly to limit spread.

Affects Wisteria 'Prolific' · Summer

Look for: Notches appear on leaf margins while larvae feed on roots underground.

What to do: Use nematodes in late summer or apply systemic insecticides to control larvae in the soil.

Affects Wisteria 'Prolific'

Look for: Small, immobile insects attach to stems and leaves, potentially causing yellowing or sooty mould.

What to do: Scrape off visible scales by hand or use a horticultural oil spray during dormancy.

Affects Wood Anemone

Look for: Leaves are skeletonised or eaten, with visible frass (droppings) on foliage.

What to do: Hand-pick caterpillars or use biological controls like nematodes for larger infestations.

Affects Wood Anemone

Look for: Leaves show blistering, distortion, or necrotic patches due to nematode infestation.

What to do: Remove and destroy affected plants; avoid replanting in the same spot for several years.

Affects Wood Anemone

Look for: White, dusty fungal growth appears on leaves and stems, potentially causing distortion.

What to do: Improve air circulation and apply a suitable fungicide if infection is severe.

Affects Wood Anemone · Winter

Look for: Foliage wilts and yellows despite moist soil, indicating waterlogged conditions.

What to do: Ensure well-drained soil and avoid overwatering, especially during winter dormancy.

Affects Wood Anemone

Look for: Irregular holes chewed in young leaves and flower buds, often accompanied by slimy trails.

What to do: Use copper tape barriers, beer traps, or iron phosphate-based pellets to deter feeding.

Affects Wych Elm

Look for: Clusters of small soft-bodied insects on new growth causing sticky honeydew and curled leaves.

What to do: Wash off with a strong jet of water or apply horticultural oil if infestations are heavy.

Affects Wych Elm

Look for: Bright orange-red fruiting bodies appearing on dead or dying branches.

What to do: Prune out affected wood to improve air circulation and reduce fungal load.

Affects Wych Elm

Look for: Wilting and yellowing leaves on individual branches, often with brown streaks in the sapwood.

What to do: Remove and burn infected wood immediately to prevent spread by bark beetles.

Affects Wych Elm

Look for: Small, wart-like galls forming on the undersides of leaves.

What to do: Generally cosmetic; prune out severely affected branches to reduce populations.

Affects Wych Elm · Spring

Look for: General decline, dieback of branches, and white fungal growth under the bark at the base.

What to do: Improve drainage and avoid wounding roots; severe cases may require tree removal.

Affects Wych Elm

Look for: Rapid wilting, leaf drop, and dark staining of the roots in waterlogged soil.

What to do: Ensure well-drained planting sites and avoid overwatering to prevent root suffocation.

Affects Yarrow

Look for: Small green or black insects cluster on new growth and flower buds, often leaving sticky honeydew.

What to do: Squash infestations by hand or spray with a strong jet of water; introduce ladybirds for biological control.

Affects Yarrow

Look for: A white, dusty fungal growth appears on leaves and stems, often causing foliage to yellow or distort.

What to do: Improve air circulation by thinning crowded plants and water at the base to keep foliage dry.

Affects Yarrow · Spring

Look for: Foliage wilts and turns yellow despite moist soil, often due to waterlogged conditions in heavy clay.

What to do: Ensure well-drained soil and avoid overwatering; lift and divide congested clumps in spring.

Affects Yarrow

Look for: Orange or brown pustules develop on the undersides of leaves, potentially causing premature leaf drop.

What to do: Remove affected leaves immediately and avoid overhead watering to reduce humidity around the plant.

Affects Yarrow

Look for: Irregular holes are eaten in young leaves and flower heads, accompanied by silky trails and slime.

What to do: Use beer traps, copper tape barriers, or iron phosphate-based pellets to deter feeding.

Affects Yew

Look for: Leaves turn bronze or red-brown, often due to drought stress.

What to do: Water regularly during dry spells and mulch to retain moisture.

Affects Yew

Look for: General decline, yellowing foliage, and eventual death of the plant.

What to do: Ensure well-drained soil and avoid waterlogging around the roots.

Affects Yew

Look for: Webbing binding leaves together with caterpillars feeding inside.

What to do: Prune out affected shoots or use biological controls for severe cases.

Affects Yew · Autumn

Look for: Notches on leaf margins and root damage causing wilting or collapse.

What to do: Apply nematodes to soil in autumn or use biological controls.

Affects Yew

Look for: Small brown bumps on stems with black sooty mould on leaves.

What to do: Tolerate light infestations; prune heavily affected branches if necessary.